最新刊期
卷 37 ， 期 2 ， 2019
- “据最新报道，国内外科学家在海水提铀领域取得新进展，为解决铀资源短缺问题提供新思路。”摘要：Uranium is the most significant element in the nuclear industry and is widely used in nuclear fuels as well as nuclear weapons. At present, the total amount of uranium discovered on land is less than 5 million tons, which makes it essential to exploit uranium resources in seawater. Adsorption, as the most promising method for uranium extraction from seawater, has been widely studied in the preparation of various adsorbents, the mechanism of adsorption, and the various problems encountered in natural seawater. In this paper, the continuous research conducted in recent years on uranium extraction from seawater, including material preparation methods, adsorption mechanisms, adsorption technology, and natural seawater adsorption, was summarized. Although uranium extraction from seawater has been studied since the 1960s, the experimental results for natural seawater show that some key problems, such as the preparation of highly efficient adsorption materials, still need to be solved.关键词：Uranium extraction from seawater;Adsorbent material;Coordination mechanism194|86|3更新时间：2025-03-03
REVIEW
- “科技媒体新闻记者报道：研究揭示了辐照气氛中氧气含量对聚醚醚酮薄膜性能的影响，为材料改性提供新思路。”摘要：To study the effects of oxygen content in an irradiated atmosphere on the physical and chemical properties of poly (ether-ether-ketone)(PEEK), the radiation effects of PEEK films irradiated by an electron-beam were observed in air and oxygen at room temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a contact angle instrument, atomic force microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and a universal tension machine were used to test the effects of different oxygen contents and absorbed doses of electron-beam on the chemical structure, surface properties, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PEEK films. The results showed that no new infrared absorption peaks appeared in FTIR spectra within the absorbed dose range. The surface roughness of the films increased after irradiation, and the static water contact angle decreased with the increasing absorbed doses. The thermal stability decreased with the increasing oxygen contents in the irradiated atmosphere. The tensile stress and elongation at break of the irradiated samples under air and oxygen conditions first increased and then decreased with the increasing absorbed doses.关键词：Poly (ether-ether-ketone);Electron-beam;Radiation effects49|55|0更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “在农产品辐照处理领域，专家通过质谱和SDS-PAGE技术分析了辐照对氨基酸和蛋白质结构的影响，发现蛋氨酸和特定蛋白质结构对辐照敏感。”摘要：In order to explore the influence of irradiation on the nutritional value of protein and amino acids in agricultural products, the effect of electron-beam irradiation on the structure of 17 amino acids contained within bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analyzed by mass spectrometry and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Electron-beam irradiation of BSA significantly influenced content of methionine and of the other 8 essential amino acids. An absorbed dose of 1 kGy decreased the mass concentration of methionine by 65%. Turbidity of aqueous BSA solution increased concomitantly with increasing absorbed dose. This was due to irradiation-induced BSA cross-linking and degradation, as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed various secondary BSA structures (irregular, curl, bend, and corner) and demonstrated susceptibility of two sulfur bonds in the amino acid chain to radiation.关键词：Amino acids;Bovine serum albumin;Electron-beam irradiation;Structure57|123|0更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “在电磁辐射领域，专家建立了成年人和未成年人人体模型，采用Comsol仿真软件分析特高压交流输电线路产生的磁场效应，结果表明电磁暴露对成年人和未成年人都是安全的。”摘要：Human body models of adults and minors were established, and Comsol simulation software was used to calculate and analyze the magnetic field effects of ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC transmission lines on adults and minors. Calculation results were compared with the guidelines established by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The results showed similar circular-shaped distributions of magnetic induction intensity in the bodies of both adults and minors as well as in the surrounding air. The magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity generated by the UHV transmission lines on the head was greater for adults than for minors. In terms of the induced electric field strength, the maximum value presented at the top of the scalp, with values of 0.251 and 0.163 mV/m for adults and minors, respectively. Comparison of the calculation results with the ICNIRP guidelines demonstrates that the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity is within the limits of the ICNIRP guidelines for both occupational and general public exposure. Electromagnetic exposure from UHV transmission lines is safe for adults and minors.关键词：Ultra-high voltage AC;Adult;Minor;Magnetic field effect;Safety59|92|3更新时间：2025-03-03
- “最新研究显示，地铁站台电磁环境对工作人员和乘客健康无风险。”摘要：This study evaluates the electromagnetic exposure safety of staff and passengers on subway platforms. Specifically, to identify electromagnetic exposure at typical waiting areas on elevated and underground subway platforms in operation, this study employed electric field-strength and spectrum analyzers to measure the signal power and e-field strength at typical waiting areas on subway platforms, and representative sources of radiation were selected. The results revealed that the peak measuring frequency from the main electromagnetic radiation source of subway platforms was in the range of 869~2 613 MHz. In addition, the e-field strength of the underground and elevated platforms was 0.010~0.044 and 0.009~0.098 V/m, respectively, which were far less than the reference levels defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines for occupational and general public exposure. Thus, this study shows that the electromagnetic environment of a subway platform is not harmful to the health of subway staff and passengers.关键词：Subway platform;Electromagnetic exposure;Experimental measurements;Safety evaluation58|123|2更新时间：2025-03-03
- “在核应急决策领域，专家提出了基于高斯烟团模型和集合卡尔曼滤波的时空修正方法，实现海上核事故源项反演，为解决海上核事故源项估算问题提供解决方案。”摘要：Source term estimation is the primary technology employed for decision-making during nuclear emergencies. Maritime nuclear accidents have the issue of the movement of radioactive source terms and detectors. In this paper, a technical solution is proposed for the source term inversion of a marine nuclear accident, which is based on the time-spatial correction of the Gaussian cloud model and ensemble Kalman filter. Radionuclide concentrations at different positions under the Daya Bay nuclear power plant were incorporated for modeling a hypothetical nuclear accident, and the nuclear accident source strength was thereby obtained through the modified inversion method. The obtained result is found to differ from the hypothetical accident source strength by a margin of 18.4%.关键词：Maritime nuclear emergency;Source term inversion;Radiation field calculation and dose assessment system60|81|1更新时间：2025-03-03
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