最新刊期
卷 37 ， 期 3 ， 2019
- “据最新研究，白芷香豆素辐照后抑菌性增强，与聚乙烯醇/羧甲基纤维素钠制备的水凝胶具有高效抑菌和良好力学性能。”摘要：A polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel material containing Angelica dahurica coumarin was prepared by radiation crosslinking and freeze/thraw cycles. The effects of coumarin content and conbination of menthol and low-molecular-weight collagen on the structure and properties of the hydrogel were studied through bacteriostatic tests as well as tensile strength, water absorption, and scanning electron microscope observation. The results showed irradiation stability for angelica dahurica coumarin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of angelica dahurica coumarin to E. coli were 3.13, 3.13, and 1.56 mg/mL at absorbed doses of 0, 10, and 20 kGy, respectively, thereby proving that the antibacterial property increased with dosage. The MIC of angelica dahurica coumarin to S. aureus was 6.25 mg/mL. The bacteriostasis rate of the composite hydrogels increased rapidly at first and then slowed down with the increasing coumarin contents although their tensile strength decreased. The bacteriostasis rate of the hydrogel reached 100% on introducing menthol at a mass fraction of 1%; the tensile strength reached a value of 0.7 MPa showing no obvious change. Low-molecular-weight collagen improved the dispersibility and bacteriostasis rate of coumarin. The tensile strength of the hydrogels decreased slightly; the water absorption of the hydrogels reached 800% and 1 100% in 2 and 24 h, respectively.关键词：Hydrogel;Angelica dahurica coumarin;Menthol;Antibacterial property;Irradiation;Low-molecular-weight polypeptide;Polyvinyl alcohol;Sodium carboxymethylcellulose32|51|0更新时间：2025-03-03
- “最新研究发现，通过电子束辐射工艺将2-（2′-羟基-4′-丙烯酰基）-苯并三唑整理到涤纶织物上，可显著提高其抗紫外线性能，最优工艺条件下UPF值可达91±1。”摘要：2-(2′-hydroxy-4′-acryloyl)-2H-benzotriazole (BTHA) was synthesized from o-nitroaniline and resorcinol by diazotization, coupling and reduction reactions and substituted with acryloyl chloride by using o-nitroaniline and resorcinol as raw materials. Fourier infrared spectroscopy confirmed that BTHA was successfully synthesized. The synthesized BTHA was grafted onto the polyethylene terepthalate fabrics by electron-beam (EB) irradiation process. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that BTHA was successfully grafted onto the surface of polyester fabrics. The influence of the absorbed dose and monomer concentration on the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of polyester fabrics were discussed to determine the optimal process. Monomer dosage of 10% and 130 kGy absorbed dose were chosen in this study. The results showed that the polyester fabrics modified by EB irradiation exhibited excellent UV resistance property, and the UPF value of polyester fabrics prepared under the optimum conditions can reach 91 ± 1.关键词：Polyester;Electron-beam irradiation;UV protection factor;Ultraviolet stability;2-(2′-hydroxy-4′-acryloyl)-2H-benzotriazole35|38|0更新时间：2025-03-03
- “最新研究发现，经高温和化学方法改性的自然斜发沸石能有效吸附和去除水中Sr2+，吸附容量高达79.386 mg/g，为水处理提供新方案。”摘要：A natural clinoptilolite was modified using high temperature and chemical agents for adsorption of Sr2+ from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity was determined to select the optimum modification method. The adsorption capacities of Sr2+ were as high as 79.386 mg/g when the natural clinoptilolite was modified using high temperature, NaOH, and NaCl sequentially. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the produced zeolite and identify the crystal structure, morphology, and elemental composition of the samples. The removal and adsorption processes of Sr2+ using the modified clinoptilolite were performed under various experimental conditions by varying the temperature, initial concentration, and contact time. Adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich) were applied and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. The reaction kinetic data were studied by Lagergren first and second order models as well as the Elovich particle diffusion kinetic model. The adsorption kinetics were accurately described by the Lagergren second order model and the rate-controlling step was determined to be chemical adsorption. The thermodynamic parameters of ΔH0 and ΔS0 were positive, indicating that the adsorption of Sr2+ onto the modified clinoptilolite zeolite was an endothermic process. The value of ΔG0 was negative at low initial concentrations, indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneous and the absolute value of ΔG0 increased with an increase in temperature. The value of ΔG0 was positive at high initial concentrations and decreased with an increase in temperature and a decrease in initial concentration.关键词：Clinoptilolite;Adsorption;Sr(II);Adsorption isotherm;Adsorption kinetics;Adsorption thermodynamics43|58|2更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “据最新研究报道，方格星虫多糖能有效保护正常人肠上皮细胞免受电离辐射损伤，其机制可能与清除自由基、减缓细胞凋亡有关。”摘要：To study the protective effects of Sipunculus nudus polysaccharide (SNP) on human intestinal epithelial cell (HIEC) damage induced by ionizing radiation, the survival rate of HIECs was detected by CCK-8 method, and the concentration of SNP was identified. The effect of SNP on the proliferation ability of post-irradiated HIECs was analyzed by a cloning method. After 137Cs γ-ray irradiation for 48 h with the absorbed dose of 10 Gy, cell apoptosis was observed by microscopy using the Hoechst33342/PI staining, and the apoptosis rate and ROS levels were measured using flow cytometry. The results showed that the HIEC survival rate decreased significantly with the increasing absorbed doses. When HIECs were pretreated with a certain concentration of SNP, the survival rate increased significantly, showing a positive correlation with the concentration of SNP, and reached the maximum level when the SNP mass concentration was 50 μg/mL. After irradiation, the survival rate of the cloned cells was observed to be higher than that of irradiation model group. The apoptosis rate and intracellular ROS levels decreased significantly for HIECs pretreated with SNP as compared with the irradiation model group. These results indicated that the SNP pretreatment could protect HIECs from damage caused by radiation.The underlying mechanism might be attributed to free radical scavenging by SNP and reduction in cell apoptosis.关键词：Sipunculus nudus polysaccharide;Human intestinal epithelial cell;Radiation damage;Cell apoptosis51|53|1更新时间：2025-03-03
- “在辐射防护领域，研究人员合成了天冬酰胺酰羟化酶小分子抑制剂NOFD，通过小鼠给药模型评估其辐射防护作用。实验结果显示，NOFD对辐射小鼠具有一定的保护作用，为辐射防护研究开辟了新方向。”摘要：A small molecule inhibitor of aspartate hydroxylase, also known as hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor (FIH), and N-oxalyl-D-phenylalanine (NOFD) was synthesized, and a mouse model for drug administration was used to evaluate the radiation protection offered by NOFD. Experimental mice were divided into the groups control, irradiation, and irradiation administration (10,5,2.5 mg/kg for high，middle，low-dose group). The 30-day survival rate, organ index, and peripheral blood component analysis were used to evaluate the protective effect of NOFD on mice after irradiation. The results showed that the 30-day survival rate of mice in the NOFD administration group was significantly higher than that in the simple irradiation group, and that the survival rate of mice treated with the middle dose of NOFD (5 mg/kg) increased by 30%. Moreover, 5 mg/kg NOFD administration not only significantly increased the white blood cell count, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin content in the peripheral blood of mice after irradiation, but also significantly increased the number of spleen clones (p<0.01). Thus, the results suggest that NOFD has a protective effect on irradiated mice.关键词：N-oxalyl-D-phenylalanine (NOFD);Mice;Radioprotection30|47|0更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “最新研究发现，电子束辐照能有效延长蒸煮小龙虾的货架期，6 kGy剂量下，常温储藏货架期可达13天。”摘要：Crayfish were steamed for 10 min and vacuum-packed in a polyethylene bag. The steamed crayfish were irradiated by a high-energy electron-beam at doses of 0, 2.31, 4.26, 6.41, and 9.13 kGy, and then stored at 25 ℃. The color, total number of colonies, total volatile basic nitrogen, smell, and sulfur volatile substances were analyzed. The results showed that no significant change was observed in the values of L* and b*, but the value of a* decreased significantly after irradiation compared with that in the control group. The steamed crayfish could be stored for 5, 11, 13, and 16 d after irradiation at doses of 2.31, 4.26, 6.41, and 9.13 kGy, respectively, when the number of colonies was less than 50 000 CFU/g, and total volatile basic nitrogen was under 20 mg/100 g. Compared with crayfish in the control group, the smell similarity of crayfish irradiated in 2.31, 4.26, 6.41, and 9.13 kGy groups were 90.62%, 88.70%, 87.52%, and 68.60%, respectively. The crayfish in the 9.13 kGy group produced more dimethyl disulfide compounds than that in the other irradiated groups. Electron-beam irradiation could effectively prolong the shelf life of crayfish. The shelf life of crayfish irradiated at a dose of 4 kGy was more than 10 d at 25 °C. The smell and the sulfur volatile substances of the crayfish increased significantly with a dose of more than 8 kGy. Therefore, the optimal absorbed dose for steamed crayfish is 6 kGy.关键词：Crayfish;Irradiation;Quality;Shelf life48|62|1更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “最新研究揭示电离辐射对职业人群抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化水平的影响，为职业防护提供科学依据。”摘要：In order to review the influence of ionizing radiation on antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, relevant literatures databases, such as the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, Wanfang database, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Pubmed, and EMbase, were searched until September 2018. Two reviewers independently screened these papers and evaluated the risk of bias. The extracted data were analyzed using Stata 12.0 software. A total of 14 literatures involving 1 733 radiation workers and 1 796 controls were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase increased in the exposed than in the unexposed group (SMD=1.284, 95% CI: 0.74~1.828, p=0; SMD=0.681, 95% CI: 0.056~1.306, p=0.033), while there was no statistical significance observed in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, respectively (SMD=-0.106, 95% CI: -0.458~0.246, p=0.554; SMD=1.175, 95% CI: -0.331~2.681, p=0.126). The subgroup analysis stratified by work showed that compared with the unexposed group, the level of malondialdehyde was increased in themedical, industrial detecting and other groups, while the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased in medical group but decreased in industrial detecting group. The subgroup analysis stratified by work year showed that, compared with the unexposed group, the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase were increased in groups whose work age was higher than 12.56 a. While the subgroup analysis stratified by annual effective dose showed that, compared with the unexposed group, the level of malondialdehyde was increased in all groups and the activity of superoxide dismutase was decreased in groups whose dose was higher than 1.19 mSv/a. The results indicate that ionizing radiation can cause damage of lipid peroxidation with increased malondialdehyde; however its influence on antioxidant enzymes still needs further research.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Antioxidant enzyme;Malondialdehyde;Occupational exposure34|78|0更新时间：2025-03-03
- “在核设施大气监测领域，专家设计了新型甲烷供给模块，有效解决了多形态氚取样中甲烷供给问题，为核安全监测提供了新方案。”摘要：To supply methane carrier gas safely during the sampling of atmospheric tritium in the forms of HTO, HT, and CH3T in the vicinity of nuclear facilities, a novel methane supply module based on the hydrolysis of aluminum carbide (Al4C3) was developed. The effects of reaction temperature, carrier gas flow rate, and initial loading capacity of Al4C3 on the concentration of methane at the outlet of the methane supply module were evaluated. The results showed that when N2 was used as a carrier gas at a flow rate of 25~50 mL/min, the concentration of CH4 increased with the increasing reaction temperature and the initial loading capacity of Al4C3. When the flow rate of N2 was increased from 25 to 50 mL/min, the concentration of methane decreased slightly at the same temperature. This indicated that the production rate of methane increased with the increasing flow rate of the carrier gas. To meet the demand for methane during the sampling period, the minimum reaction temperatures were 40 ℃ and 60 ℃ for sampling flow rates of 1.00 L/min and 3.00 L/min, respectively, when using N2 as a carrier gas at a flow rate of 25~50 mL/min. When the developed methane supply module was applied to novel atmospheric tritium (TS-212), atmospheric tritium in the forms of HTO, HT, and CH3T in the vicinity of the Qinshan nuclear power plant were successfully sampled and measured, indicating that the methane supply module performed practically and effectively and could be applied to the sampling practice of atmospheric tritium in different chemical forms in the vicinity of nuclear facilities.关键词：Methane supply module;Atmospheric tritium in multi-forms;Aluminum carbide20|42|0更新时间：2025-03-03
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
- “据最新报道，专家依据ISO标准和风险管理方法，建立了医疗保健产品电子束辐照灭菌性能鉴定的实施方法，为相关领域提供参考。”摘要：To establish an implementation method for the performance qualification of health care products that were sterilized using electron-beam radiation. Data analysis was performed in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11137-3: 2017 and risk management methods. The steps for the implementation of performance qualification were established, and data analysis methods were suggested. This paper recommendeds an implementable method of performance qualification of health care products that were sterilized using electron-beam radiation.关键词：Electron-beam radiation;Health care products;Performance qualification45|131|2更新时间：2025-03-03
SHORT PAPER
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