最新刊期
卷 37 ， 期 6 ， 2019
- “在放射性肺损伤防治领域，专家综述了活性氧在细胞因子及氧化应激机制诱导RILI发生、发展中的作用及相关防治进展。”摘要：Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a highly complex complication that can occur due to radiation therapy of thoracic tumors, bone marrow transplantation, and pretreatment with nuclear radiation, including acute radiation pneumonia and chronic radiation-induced pulmonary with fibrosis. The degree of RILI is related to the fractionation mode, dose distribution, V20, and pulmonary function of patients. The main manifestations of RILI are dry cough, chest tightness, chest pain and low fever, even dyspnea. Antibiotic therapy is ineffective. RILI has a high mortality rate and impacts patients’ quality of life. Currently, the pathogenesis of RILI mainly involves target cells, cytokines, immunoreaction, and the oxidative stress theory. We will review the research that focusses on the role of reactive oxygen species in the cytokine and oxidative stress theories as well as related RILI and correlative precaution measures.关键词：Reactive oxygen species;Radiation-induced lung injury;Review44|100|1更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
- “在橡胶材料领域，研究人员采用DTMS改性CaCO3和SiO2纳米粒子，制备CaCO3/SiO2/NRL硫化胶乳膜，有效提高天然胶乳膜抗紫外光老化性能。”摘要：Surface modification of CaCO3 and SiO2 nanoparticles was conducted using n-dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS) as the modifier, and the inorganic nanoparticles after modification with different mass ratios were mixed and filled with natural rubber latex (NRL) to prepare CaCO3/SiO2/NRL vulcanized latex film. The effects of CaCO3 and SiO2 nanoparticles following modification on the ultraviolet (UV) aging of natural rubber latex film (NRLF) were studied. The structures and properties of the inorganic nanoparticles before and after modification were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and a contact angle measuring instrument. The anti-UV aging properties of vulcanized latex films with different mass ratios of CaCO3 and SiO2 nano-systems were investigated through a test of mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that the agglomeration between the nanoparticles was effectively prevented because of long-chain DTMS and the formation of organic chemical bonds by the inorganic nanoparticles. In addition, the dispersion of the two nanoparticles in the colloid was improved. The inorganic nanoparticles after modification formed a network structure in the NRLF system, and the mechanical properties of the composites were noticeably increased. The composites demonstrated good UV aging resistance at the mass ratio of nano-CaCO3 and nano-SiO2 of 4∶6.关键词：Nanoparticle;CaCO3;SiO2;Natural rubber latex;Surface modification;Light aging26|33|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “在辐射生物标志物研究领域，专家通过蛋白抗体芯片技术，发现血清中IGF-2、IGFBP-1和IGFBP-3在X射线照射后表达水平升高，具有作为电离辐射标志物的潜力。”摘要：This study aimed to identify serum protein responses to ionizing radiation and to indicate their capacity for serving as radiation biomarkers. We performed antibody-based protein microarray studies to determine the expression profiles of serum proteins in mice 24 h after varying doses of X-ray irradiation. A set of 47 serum proteins with relative increases in expression of ≥1.5 fold was identified. Among them, insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1 and IGF-2), and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 1 and 3 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3) had higher abundance and were reported to be involved in radiation-induced DNA damage and repair through the IGF-IGFBP axis. Therefore, these four proteins and their upstream regulatory protein-growth factor (GH) were selected for further validation and assessment of their dose and time dependency by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. The results revealed that levels of serum GH and IGF-1 were not significantly different from those in the control group (0 Gy) after 0.5, 2, and 4 Gy of X-ray irradiation, while levels of serum IGF-2, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 showed an upward trend. Levels of IGFBP-3 were significantly increased, with an obvious dose-dependence (p<0.01). Moreover, between 2 and 24 h post-irradiation, expression of serum GH fluctuated greatly, while IGF-1 showed no significant changes, and levels of IGF-2, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 increased. The upward trends in IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 expression were evident from 2 to 24 h, at least. These results demonstrated that levels of serum IGF-2, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 showed significant increases with good dose and time dependent effects after X-ray irradiation, suggesting that these proteins have great potential as biomarkers of ionizing radiation.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Biomarkers;Serum;Insulin-like growth factors;Bindin44|53|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “最新研究发现，槲皮素能促使10Gy辐照后衰老的92-1细胞发生凋亡，为相关研究提供新思路。”摘要：The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in human uveal melanoma 92-1 cells exposed to X-ray (10 Gy) or carbon-ion irradiation. Irradiated 92-1 cells were treated with quercetin, and then, cellular apoptosis and senescence were measured by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay with flow cytometry and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, respectively. To confirm the appropriate concentration of quercetin to be used, cell viability was assessed by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and apoptosis was detected. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was detected by western blotting. We found that 92-1 cells developed an obvious senescence phenotype, and cell cultures showed a low proportion of cells undergoing apoptosis after exposure to X-ray or carbon-ion irradiation. Treatment with 50 μmol/L quercetin immediately, or 3 d after irradiation, induced significant apoptosis and upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3. These results demonstrate that quercetin induces apoptosis in 92-1 cells after X-ray or carbon-ion irradiation.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Cell senescence;Quercetin;Apoptosis39|40|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “最新研究发现，电离辐射可改变药物转运体基因表达，影响药物吸收、分布和排泄。”摘要：To study the changes in delayed drug transporter gene expression induced by ionizing radiation, the differential expression of drug transporter genes in the peripheral blood of three people exposed accidentally to 60Co γ-rays during 3 a after irradiation were analyzed using the Agilent whole genome gene expression microarray assay. The differentially expressed solute transporters (SLC) genes were studied. It was found that the genes of organic ion transporters and carbohydrate transporters were mainly up-regulated, while those of the other transporters were mainly down-regulated. There was no obvious up regulation and down regulation in the expression of amino acid/amine transporters and inorganic ion transporter genes. The differentially expressed genes of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) found that ABC transporter genes expression was mainly focused on multi-drug resistance transporter genes. The gene expression profiles of multiple drug transporters were altered in the three people who were accidentally exposed to radiation. Some clinical drugs that they were administered are substrates of these drug transporters, may change the pharmacokinetic profiles of these drugs. These data also provided a reference for studying the effects of ionizing radiation on drug absorption, distribution, and excretion.关键词：Accidental exposure;Transport of drug;Gene expression profile;Transporter;ATP-binding cassette transporters17|33|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “据最新研究，不同生物负载回收率对产品辐照灭菌剂量有显著影响，直接关系到灭菌质量控制。”摘要：The aim is to evaluate the effects of bioburden-recovery on the radiation sterilization dose of various products based on the differences in the bioburden-recovery obtained using different experimental parameters. Three types of products including femoral stem, bone wax, and bipolar ball head were selected and subjected to bioburden-recovery tests using different testing standards. Further, the minimum irradiation sterilization dose of the products corresponding to different results of bioburden was obtained based on the ISO 11137-2: 2013 (Method 1) standard. The test results indicate that the different bioburden-recovery of the products lead to a difference in bioburden and sterilization dose, which directly affects the quality control of sterilization.关键词：Irradiation;Sterilization dose;Recovery;Bioburden;Medical devices22|58|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “在放射治疗领域，专家提出了毛细管型Fricke凝胶剂量计，有效限制Fe3+扩散，为准确测定吸收剂量空间分布提供新方案。”摘要：In radiation therapy, accurate measurement of the spatial distribution of radiation dose is the key to determining the efficacy of radiation therapy. Usually, the Fricke gel dosimeters is used for the measurement of the spatial dose distribution. However, the Fe3+ diffusion problem exist in the Fricke gel dosimeter, which limits the accuracy of dosimeter measurement and leads to errors in dose verification. A capillary-type Fricke gel dosimeter is proposed to limit the diffusion of Fe3+ in two dimensions by physical and chemical limitations. Inversion derivation is used to achieve diffusion correction of Fe3+ in one dimension. Accurate calibration of the Fricke gel dosimeter was achieved by constructing a capillary-type Fricke gel dosimeter in one-dimensional direction in combination with a one-half merging image processing method. It provides a good prospect for the accurate determination of the spatial distribution of clinical radiation doses.关键词：Fricke gel dosimeter;Diffusion correction;Dose verification;Capillary model35|41|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION DOSIMETRY
- “据最新报道，专家开发了放射性液态污染物迁移扩散模型，为海洋放射性后果评价系统开发提供技术基础。”摘要：Based on the Princeton ocean model and Lagrange particle random walking model, which provide flow field prediction results, a transport diffusion model for simulating the radioactive pollution in coastal waters was established. Boxing and variable frequency bandwidth Epanechnikov kernel function method was proposed to calculate the concentration.The model was tested and verified by using the source item and the environmental field monitoring data from the Fukushima accident. The test results showed that data of 90% at different points were between 0.2~8 times, which is conformed well. It will provide the technical basis for the marine radiological consequences assessment system.关键词：Nearshore zone;Radioactive pollutants;Migration;Diffusion model45|45|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION PROTECTION
- “在环境治理领域，研究人员制备了耐久型β-FeOOH纳米棒/聚酯织物复合材料，有效实现了油水分离和降解有机物污染物的双重净化效果，为解决水资源污染问题提供新方案。”摘要：The rapid development of China in the past 30 a has caused severe damage to the environment, especially to water resources, which seriously threatens the ecological balance and human health. In particular, the accretion of industrial oily/soluble, highly toxic wastewater is an urgent environmental problem that needs to be solved in the process of water purification. However, it remains a serious challenge to produce materials that can separate oil/water and degrade organic pollutants simultaneously. In this study, durable β-FeOOH nanorods/polyester fabric composites were fabricated to solve the above problems. The oil/water mixture was separated, and the soluble organic pollutants in water were degraded in situ. The experimental results showed that the oil/water separation efficiency and the removal rate of highly toxic and soluble organic pollutants from water were over 99% and 90%, respectively.After multiple cycles of degradation experiments and accelerated washing experiments, the oil/water separation efficiency and the removal rate of toxic organics remained unchanged.关键词：PET fabric;Radiation-induced graft polymerization;β-FeOOH nanorods;Photo-Fenton;Oil/water separation27|43|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT
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