最新刊期
卷 38 ， 期 6 ， 2020
- “据最新报道，我国辐射技术制备水凝胶在生物医学领域取得显著进展，为医用水凝胶工业化生产提供新思路。”摘要：Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional, polymeric networks that exhibit good biocompatibility, large water absorption ratios, strong water retention abilities, and the ability to mimic extracellular matrix structures and functions. Therefore, they are suitable for use in wound healing, tissue engineering, and drug delivery applications. Radiation techniques are simple, safe, and clean processes that have been employed to prepare high-quality hydrogels, including for mass production. Additionally, these radiation techniques retain biopolymer biocompatibility and ensure that modification and sterilization steps are completed simultaneously; this affords new opportunities for bio-applications. This paper summarizes the current research status of hydrogels in China, including their preparation by radiation technology and their biomedicine applications, and discusses prospective directions for future hydrogel research.关键词：Radiation cross-linking;Hydrogel;Biomedicine89|89|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在深空探测领域，专家深入研究空间辐射对中枢神经系统损伤效应，探索防护措施，为人类太空探索提供新思路。”摘要：Space radiation may be one of the most limiting factors for deep space exploration. Firstly, this paper introduces the sources, types and biological damage effects of space radiation, focusing on the damage effects of space radiation on the central nervous system. Secondly, this paper summarizes the current space radiation protection measures, including physical protection methods and biomedical protection methods, and expounds the basic principles of different protection methods.关键词：Space radiation;Central nervous system;Radiation protection67|86|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在放疗领域，FLASH放疗技术以其超高剂量率照射成为研究热点。专家分析了其临床转化挑战和技术瓶颈，为推广应用提供参考。”摘要：FLASH radiotherapy, as a technology of radiation therapy, is mainly characterized by ultra-high dose rate radiation. Due to the unique characteristic, it has become a hot spot in the field of radiotherapy. This paper summarized the findings of previous studies, including the challenges of clinical applications, the technical complexity, and the possible biological mechanisms underlying FLASH radiotherapy, which are important for clinical decisions.关键词：FLASH;Normal tissue;High dose rate;Radiotherapy85|160|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “据中国辐射防护研究院报道，国际生物剂量实验室网络建设取得进展，为核与辐射事故应急剂量估算提供新方案。”摘要：This paper mainly reviews the dose estimation in nuclear and radiation accident emergency. Based on the actual situation of China Institute of Radiation Protection, the current research status and development trend of biological dose laboratory network, and biological dose estimation technique are introduced.关键词：Nuclear or radiation emergency;Biodosimeter;Network;High-throughput screening35|168|0更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
- “据研究，黄芪汤能减轻12C6+离子束辐射对大鼠大脑的损伤，可能通过调节Bax、Bcl-2和Caspase-3的表达实现。”摘要：To explore the effect of Huangqi decoction on Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 expressions in rat brain tissues irradiated by 12C6+ ion beam, 50 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups—normal control group, radiation alone model group, and high-, medium-, and low-dose Huangqi decoction groups. After 7 days of routine feeding, rats in the high-, medium-, and low-dose Huangqi decoction groups were administered Huangqi decoction [18 g/(kg·d), 9 g/(kg·d), 4.5 g/(kg·d)] by gavage for 2 weeks . The normal control group and radiation alone group were administered the same volume saline by gavage. From the 7th day, the brain of the rats of the radiation alone model group and high-, medium-, and low-dose Huangqi decoction groups were radiated once by 4Gy 12C6+ ion. The brain of rats in the normal control group were not radiated. The rats were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate (3 mL/kg), and blood was collected from the femoral artery 7 days after irradiation. To calculate the brain coefficient with weighing, pathomorphism changes in the brain tissues were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling staining, and the apoptosis percentage of nerve cells was calculated. Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 gene expressions in the brain tissues were assessed using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 protein expressions in the brain tissues were analyzed using western blotting. The body weight and brain coefficient significantly decreased; the apoptosis percentage of nerve cells had evidently increased; the gene and protein expressions of Bcl-2 in the brain tissues significantly decreased; the gene and protein expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 in the brain tissues significantly increased in the radiation alone model group (p<0.01). The brain coefficient increased in the medium- and high-dose Huangqi decoction groups; the body weight and the gene and protein expressions of Bcl-2 increased significantly in the high-dose group (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The apoptosis percentage of nerve cells was evidently declined in the medium- and high-dose Huangqi decoction groups; the gene and protein expressions of Caspase-3 decreased significantly in the medium- and high-dose Huangqi decoction groups; the gene and protein expressions of Bax decreased significantly in the high-dose Huangqi decoction group (p<0.01). The result of histopathologic examination displayed sparse cerebral tissues in the radiation alone model group, with the decreased amount of cells and enlarged interspace, while sparse cerebral tissues, the decreased amount of cells and enlarged interspace were obviously improved, but it did not return to normal. The protective effect of Huangqi decoction against brain injury induced by 12C6+ ion beam radiation is achieved mainly by controlling the up-regulation of Bax and Caspase-3 expressions and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression.关键词：Huangqi decoction;12C6+ ion beam;Brain injury;Apoptosis protein36|36|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在放射治疗领域，研究者分析了不同版本锥形束CT扫描协议的辐射剂量，为临床合理使用提供数据支持。结果显示，各版本扫描协议辐射剂量与管电压和曝光量密切相关，需合理规划扫描频次以保证患者安全。”摘要：The cumulative radiation dose of multiple cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning cannot be ignored in radiotherapy. It can provide supporting data for the rational use of Varian cone-beam computed tomography in clinical practice by analyzing the radiation dose of different versions of CBCT scanning protocols (V1.4, V1.5 and V1.6). In accordance with the radiation dosimetry method (TG111) recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) 111 working group, an extended phantom (45 cm in length) and a 0.6 cm3 finger ionization chamber were used to perform the radiation dose measurement for different versions of the Varian CBCT system scanning protocols. According to the specifications recommended by TG111, the weighted radiation dose (TG111W) and the normalized radiation dose (nTG111W) of CBCT were calculated. The results showed that the weighted radiation dose of the V1.5 scanning protocol (in both equipment) was higher than that of the other two versions (except the pelvic protocol). The high-quality head protocol of the V1.5 version had the maximum dose (30.06 mGy), and the low-dose head protocol of the V1.4 version had the minimum dose (2.83 mGy). Minor differences were found among the protocols for the results of the normalized radiation dose; the standard-dose head protocol had the maximum difference (1.33 mGy; V1.4 vs. V1.5 (TB)), and the low-dose thorax and pelvic protocols had the minimum difference (0.01 mGy; V1.5 (TB) vs. V1.6).The results suggest that the radiation dose of each version of the scanning protocol is closely related to the parameters such as tube voltage and exposure (the maximum factor) and that frequency of the CBCT scanning needs to be planned reasonably according to the different scanning protocols used in clinical practice.关键词：Core-beam CT;Radiation dose;Scanning protocol62|83|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “在纸质文献档案保藏领域，研究者通过γ射线辐照技术，确定了2 kGy为最佳吸收剂量，有效杀虫灭菌，同时保持纸张性能，为纸质文献档案保藏提供经济有效的解决方案。”摘要：In this study, the optimal dose of irradiation for insecticidal sterilization was investigated by simulating different doses of γ rays irradiation on paper samples (simulated paper document archives), and the mechanical properties of paper, colors of patterns and handwriting were analyzed. In case of Aspergillus, Bacillus subtilis, tobacco beetle, and ctenolepisma villosa, the killing rate >99.9% was achieved when the absorbed dose was 2 kGy. After aging, the mechanical properties, gutters and ink marks of the samples were kept at least 80% of the original ones, which would not affect the later preservation. In consideration of the effectiveness of insecticidal sterilization, safety of paper document archives, and economics of irradiation services, the absorbed dose of 2 kGy was appropriate for the preservation of document archives.关键词：Irradiation;Paper;Insecticidal sterilization55|92|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “报道：科研团队开发出新型核壳结构小球，有效解决Fe3+扩散问题，为剂量验证提供新方案。”摘要：A core-shell structured pellet with a physical diffusion-limited layer structure was designed and prepared. A diffused Fricke gel dosimeter was wrapped in a polydimethylsiloxane shell to maximally address the Fe3+ diffusion problem. The preparation process was simple. The core-shell pellets were prepared by using dual microfluidic channels. The experiment is reproducible. The prepared pellets were of an appropriate size and had good morphology. The average diameter of the pellets was approximately 2.90 mm, and the wall thickness was 0.22 mm. The finite-element simulation results of this study demonstrated that this core-shell structure can be used for dose verification.关键词：Fricke dosimeter;Core-shell pellets;Phantom;Diffusion limitation23|51|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION DOSIMETRY
- “特高压交流输电线路对管道电磁干扰研究取得新进展，为特高压输电工程和油气管道安全运行提供实际工程价值。”摘要：The Power system electromagnetic interference simulation calculation software package CDEGS was used to build Ultra high voltage (UHV) AC transmission line models to simulate AC 1 000 kV single-circuit wine glass tower，1 000 kV double-circuit umbrella-shaped tower, and 1 000 kV/500 kV (the distribution of electromagnetic interference of 220 kV) mixed voltage transmission lines on the same tower to the pipeline. A systematic study was conducted on the different conductor phase sequence arrangement with different operating conditions and different nominal heights of 1 000 kV/500 kV (220 kV) four-circuit mixed voltage transmission line on the same tower. The results showed that the electromagnetic interference of the 1 000 kV/500 kV mixed voltage four-circuit transmission line on the same tower to the pipeline was much smaller than both the 1 000 kV single wine glass transmission line and 1 000 kV double-circuit umbrella-shaped transmission line. Under different operating conditions, the voltage level was more susceptible to the electromagnetic influence of the pipeline compared to the distance of the transmission line from the buried pipeline. A 1 000 kV positive and reverse phase sequence arrangement was more critical than 500 kV (200 kV) phase sequence arrangement. When 1000 kV reverse phase sequence and 500 kV/200 kV in-phase sequence were arranged, the amplitude of induced voltage along the pipeline was found to be the smallest. The results have important practical engineering significance for the UHV transmission project and for the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines. Moreover, the results can provide a certain reference for related engineering designs.关键词：Ultra High Voltage;Electromagnetic influence;Four circuits on the same tower;Buried oil and gas pipelines;Induced voltage36|55|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION PROTECTION
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