最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 1 ， 2021
- “最新研究揭示溶剂化电子在有机化学等领域的关键作用，为辐射化学和生命过程研究提供新视角。”摘要：Solvated electrons are the smallest and most reductive particles in nature, and also are the important reactive species in radiation chemistry. The study of solvated electrons will provide key information for the field of free-radical reactions, the radiation effects of solvents and extractants in spent fuel post-treatment, and electron transfer and transport occuring in life activities etc. Therefore, it has been a subject of intense interests in disciplines of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, radiation chemistry and radiation biology. Owning to the accelarated advances achievied in ultrashort pulse laser technology, there has been an increasing understanding solvated electron in recent years. This paper will briefly introduce the context of these updated knowledges. It includes the study of determination of the binding energy of solvated electrons, the surface-bound states of solvated electrons, and the kinetics of pre-solvated electrons and quasi-free electrons with nucleotide molecules in solutions.关键词：Solvated electron;Binding energy;Photoelectron spectroscopy;Pulse radiolysis258|286|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “免疫治疗联合放疗是肿瘤治疗新策略，但正常组织副反应阻碍了其发展。本文分析了免疫细胞在肿瘤放疗联合免疫治疗及肠道副反应中的作用，为理解发病机制和治疗对策提供指导。”摘要：A combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy can be useful as an emergent strategy for cancer treatment; however, it has severe adverse effects on normal tissues and hampers their development. Gastrointestinal toxicity, which involves the participation of multiple immune cells, is commonly reported among immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we described the clinical application of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy and the gastrointestinal irAEs (GI irAEs) associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We further discussed the plausible underlying mechanism of adaptive immune cells in a combinatorial treatment of radiotherapy and immunotherapy as well as its GI irAEs to explore new perspectives for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of GI irAEs and treatment strategies.关键词：Radiotherapy;Immune checkpoints;Immunotherapy;irAEs91|121|0更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
- “在高分子纳米胶束制备领域，研究者利用Delsa™ Nano等仪器，探索了聚苯乙烯-聚丁二烯嵌段共聚物在2-丁酮中的自组装行为及γ射线辐照后的交联固化效应，为制备高分子纳米胶束提供了新思路和方法。”摘要：In our approach, using Delsa™ Nano submicron particle size dynamic light scattering analyzer, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, and thermo-gravimetric analyzer, we investigated the self-assembly behavior of block copolymer polystyrene polybutadiene (PS-b-PB) in selective solvent, 2-butanone, as well as the effect of irradiation crosslinking that resulted in the immobilization of micelles. Since the selective solvent, 2-butanone, is the soluble solvent of PS segment and insoluble solvent of polybutadiene (Pb) segment, under suitable conditions, PS-b-PB could form monodisperse "core-shell" nano-micelles microstructure. The experimental results showed that under suitable conditions, PS-b-PB could form monodisperse nano-micelles with different core-shell components in selective solvent, and the size of micelles could be adjusted by controlling the mass fraction of PS-b-PB in the solvent. The micelle solution of 2-butanone/PS-b-PB block polymer system was further irradiated by γ-ray irradiation without oxygen, and the results showed that the micelles had a certain improvement in the micro-morphology and thermodynamic stability. The reason is that the crosslinking reaction of PB chain in the micelles induced by γ-ray irradiation is immobilized, and the cured micelles are no longer affected by ultrasonic vibration, solvent dilution, and volatilization. This study provided a new approach and method for the preparation of polymer nano-micelles.关键词：Polystyrene-block-polybutadiene (PS-b-PB);Diblock copolymer;Self-assembly;Micelles;γ-ray;Crosslinking behavior106|311|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “据最新报道，科学家发现γ射线辐照可显著影响锂基润滑脂性能，其中复合锂基润滑脂受辐照影响更大，简单锂基润滑脂相对更稳定。”摘要：Using γ ray to irradiat six types of lithium grease, the color of these greases was observed to change, and the degree of change was found to be positively correlated with an increase in the absorbed dose. After irradiation with an absorbed dose of 8.1×103 kGy, the thickener of the lithium complex grease softened, degraded, and entered the hardening and crosslinking stage ahead of its ordinary degradation process. Furthermore, its average shear stress increased by 169%. Additional oxidation products were generated from the base oil of the lithium complex grease compared with the simple lithium-based grease treated with the same absorbed dose. When simple lithium grease absorbed a dose of 8.1×103 kGy, its thickener also softened and the consistency decreased; however, its average shear stress decreased. The degree of deterioration of the simple lithium grease was seemingly lighter than that of the lithium complex grease. Therefore, simple lithium grease may be more suitable for irradiation facilities.关键词：Lithium-based grease;Irradiation tolerance;Irradiation;Gamma rays110|146|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在橡胶硫化领域，研究了高能电子束辐射与传统硫磺硫化工艺对丁腈/聚氯乙烯硫化胶性能的影响，发现电子束硫化胶性能更优，硫化效率提高66.5%。”摘要：Nitrile butadiene rubber/polyvinyl chloride vulcanized rubber was prepared by high-energy electron beam (EB) irradiation and sulfur vulcanization. The effects of the absorbed dose and of these two curing processes on the properties and structure of the vulcanized rubber were examined. Increasing the absorbed dose during EB curing increased the vulcanized rubber crosslinking density, glass temperature, and crystallinity, and caused the fracture section to become smoother. Optimal EB vulcanized rubber properties were observed when the absorbed dose was 150 kGy, which provided a gel fraction of 97.2% and a crosslinking density of 2.12×10-3 mol/g, both of which were 7% and 15% higher than those provided by sulfur vulcanization, respectively. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the EB-cured rubber was 20.83 MPa, which was 17.7% lower than that of the sulfur-vulcanized rubber. The hardness increased by 7% to 90 HA and the impact resilience increased by 100% to 13, while the wear resistance decreased. These properties meet the minimum requirements for spinning cots; also, the curing time decreased by 40 min and the curing efficiency increased by 66.5%.关键词：Nitrile butadiene rubber/polyvinyl chloride cots;High-energy electron beam;Absorbed dose;Irradiation crosslinking;Sulfur vulcanization83|163|2更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “在质量保证领域，研究者分析了MatriXX电离室矩阵不同深度剂量对γ通过率的影响，为调强放射治疗计划验证提供了参考剂量平面。”摘要：In order to study the influence of different sampling depths in a two-dimensional ionization chamber matrix on the γ pass rate, we compared and analyzed the different depth dose in the quality assurance (QA) plan and the measurement levels of the two-dimensional ionization chamber matrix (MatriXX). A total of 21 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma IMRT plan were selected, and the CT images of MatriXX and Miniphantom phantoms were imported into the planning system as the QA phantom. We transplanted the intensity-modulated radiation therapy plan to the QA phantom to recalculate the dose and selected the plane dose with 6 dose levels at a height of 5 mm from the top to the bottom of the ionization chamber cavity at an equal interval of 1 mm. Then, we exported the dose distribution file of the corresponding plane to the MatriXX system and analyzed the measured dose results to obtain 6 sets of results, and recorded the γ pass rate under the 3 mm/3%, 2 mm/2%, and 2 mm/2% evaluation standards. The results show that the pass rate of 3 mm/3% at the dose level of Compare4, Compare5, and Compare6 was greater than 95.00%, which met the clinical requirements; the pass rate of 3 mm/2% at the dose level of Compare6 was greater than 95.00%, meeting the clinical requirements. The pass rate was increased from 81.45% of Compare1 to 98.08% of Compare6 by 3 mm/3%, which was an increase of 16.63%; as well as an increase of 21.13% by 3 mm/2% from 74.27% of Compare1 to 95.40% of Compare6; and also an increase of 29.56% by 2 mm/2% from 55.15% of Compare1 to 84.71% of Compare6. The level of Compare3 was the level corresponding to the height of the cross-marker line on the side of MatriXX. The dose at this level was taken as the reference group, and the results of the other groups were statistically significant when compared with the dose at this level (p<0.05). When doing QA of an IMRT plan, the dose plane at a depth of the bottom layer of the two-dimensional ionization chamber matrix was used as the reference dose plane for the verification of the IMRT plan γ pass rate, which has the highest pass rate compared with the actual measured value.关键词：Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT);Two-dimensional ionization chamber matrix;γ pass rate;Quality assurance99|468|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在辐射防护领域，研究人员发现CpG-ODN能减轻12C6+离子照射所致的胸腺损伤，可能与抑制细胞凋亡和减少DNA双链断裂有关。”摘要：To investigate the ameliorative effect of CpG-ODN on thymus damage after carbon ion radiation (CIR), C57BL/6L mice were irradiated with 5 Gy of CIR, and 30-day survival was observed. The index of the thymus was calculated and the degree of thymus damage was evaluated by histological examination. Apoptosis was detected by terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) assay and double-strand break (DSB) was detected by γ-H2AX immunohistochemistry. The number of T cells in the peripheral blood was examined by CD3 antibody labeling. The results showed that CpG-ODN increased mice survival by 50%, obviously ameliorated thymus damage, reduced the number of γ-H2AX foci and TUNEL-positive cells of the thymus, and increased the number of CD3+ T cells in peripheral blood after CIR. This indicated that CpG-ODN could ameliorate thymus damage induced by CIR. These findings might be related to the inhibition of DSB and apoptosis.关键词：Carbon ions radiation;CpG-ODN;Thymus;Apoptosis;DNA double break75|85|2更新时间：2025-02-28
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Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in irradiated non-small cell lung cancer AI导读
“辐射显著影响非小细胞肺癌lncRNA基因表达，筛选出与预后生存相关的基因，为肿瘤诊断和预测提供新思路。”摘要：To explore the effect of radiation on lncRNA gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we searched for lncRNA genes on the Y chromosome for radiation response in NSCLC from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and obtained the expression profile data chip named GSE147708. We then conducted multiple online database analyses: we used GEO2R to screen for differentially expressed genes, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online tool for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, string online website to build a protein interaction network, and then used Cytoscape software to obtain the hub genes; finally, we used Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) online tool to combine all of these with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data for prognostic value analysis. Approximately 23 upregulated genes and 28 downregulated genes were screened, and the top 20 core genes were obtained by building protein networks. Prognostic analysis results showed that the four genes CCNA2, HIST1H2BH, HIST1H2BK, and HIST1H2BO were related to the prognostic survival of NSCLC. CCNA2 and HIST1H2BK have the functional characteristics of oncogene, which have a certain promotion on the occurrence and development of NSCLC (p<0.05), while HIST1H2BH and HIST1H2BO have the functional characteristics of tumor suppressor genes. These results suggest that the differential expression of the lncRNA genes for NSCLC after radiation is obvious, having the characteristics for either oncogenic or tumor suppressor genes. These differentially expressed genes were screened and identified and can provide a certain diagnostic and predictive value for the tumor progression of NSCLC, the effect of tumor radiotherapy, and the prognosis of patients.关键词：Radiation;Non-small cell lung cancer;Differentially expressed genes;Bioinformatics98|129|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
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Study on electron beam radiation sterilization process for disposable medical protective clothing AI导读
“在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中，医用一次性防护服需求激增。专家研究了电子束辐照灭菌工艺，确保产品性能符合国标要求，为防护服灭菌提供解决方案。”摘要：The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a sharp increase in the demand for disposable medical protective clothing in the short term. In order to shorten the marketing cycle, a large number of domestic disposable medical protective clothing products have been sterilized by electron beam irradiation, which is more efficient than ethylene oxide sterilization. However, the performance of such clothing must adhere to strict requirements and the process parameters of this sterilization method still lack systematic data support. In order to ensure the reliability of electron beam sterilization of disposable medical protective clothing, research on a corresponding process was carried out. Typical disposable medical protective clothing available on the market made of polypropylene (PP) and coated with polyethylene (PE) was selected as the material studied. An appropriate method was selected to establish the corresponding sterilization dose with reference to the standard methods—“Disposable medical protective clothing irradiation sterilization emergency specification (temporary)” and “ISO 11137-2:2013 Sterilization of health care products—Radiation—Part 2: Establishing the sterilization dose.” The change in material properties after irradiation sterilization with different absorbed doses was studied. Based on the obtained parameters, an algorithm for the average absorbed dose on irradiation by an irradiation electron linac was proposed. Results showed that absorbed doses of 20.3 kGy and 31.5 kGy allowed the products to achieve sterility assurance levels of 10-3 and 10-6, respectively. The material performance of the products after irradiation at 25.0 kGy, 30.0 kGy and 35.0 kGy were able to meet national standard requirements such as elongation at break, breaking strength, impermeability, and filtration efficiency. Thus, a satisfactory electron beam irradiation sterilization process for medical disposable protective clothing has been established.关键词：Irradiation electron linac;Electron beam;Sterilization dose;Disposable medical protective clothing192|371|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
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Differential working circuit of a positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) dosimeter probe AI导读
“在辐射剂量测量领域，我国PMOS剂量计工作电路经改进后，灵敏度提升4倍，为辐射防护提供更优解决方案。”摘要：Currently, positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) dosimeters used in China have low sensitivity; to solve this problem, this study aimed to improve the circuit of the PMOS dosimeter probe through detailed investigation of the circuit principles. A probe circuit was hence developed for the differential working mode, and a 60Co γ radiation source was used to perform irradiation tests on commonly used probes in China. The results showed that the radiation response of the developed probe circuit in the differential working mode was linear and consistent with that of the constant current injection mode. Additionally, the sensitivity of the probe in the differential mode was four times that of the constant current injection mode, which was a considerable improvement.关键词：PMOSFET;Dosimeter;Differential circuit;Sensitivity;Total dose91|170|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
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