最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 2 ， 2021
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Research progress on the effect of water types on H2 production in cement solidification treatment AI导读
“在核废物处理领域，专家综合讨论了水泥固化处理中低放核废物的优缺点，并研究了不同种类水对氢气辐射化学产额的影响，为确保中低放核废物水泥固化的长期贮存安全提供解决方案。”摘要：In this article, we made a comprehensive discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of cementitious matrices for low-and intermediate-level nuclear waste conditioning, reviewed the effects of water type (i.e., adsorbed water, trapped water, pore water in the layered structure, and pore water in a three-dimensional network) on H2 production. This research aims to determine the influence of various parameters on the radiolytic H2 production of cement paste, in order to adjust the cement formula and ensure the safety of long-term storage and disposal of cement matrices for low-and intermediate -level nuclear waste conditioning.关键词：Low-and intermediate-level nuclear waste;Cementitious matrices;Ionizing radiation;Radiolysis;Water101|143|1更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
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Preparation of amidoximated polyethylene nonwoven fabric and its uranium adsorption performance AI导读
“报道：科研团队采用聚乙烯无纺布制备新型偕胺肟基吸附材料，对含氟含铀溶液中铀酰离子具有高效吸附性能，达到国家排放标准。”摘要：A novel amidoximated polyethylene nonwoven fabric (PE-g-AO) was successfully prepared by electron beam pre-irradiation grafting with glycidyl methacrylate, followed by reaction induced of ethylenediamine and maleic anhydride, AIBN-initiated polymerization of acrylonitrile, and finally, amidoximation. The chemical structure and morphology of the PE nonwoven fabric before and after modification were characterized by total reflection infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Adsorption experiment results showed that the adsorption capacity of PE-g-AO for uranium is 71.92 mg/g (U(VI): 20 mg/L; NaF: 2.0 g/L; sorbent dosage: 0.2 g/L; adsorption time: 216 h). When the dosage of adsorbent is 1.0 g/L, the uranyl ions in the solution are basically adsorbed, and the residual uranium concentration is 0.04 mg/L, which meets the national emission standard. Furthermore, the material has a good adsorption selectivity for uranium in a solution containing UO22+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+ ions.关键词：Polyethylene nonwoven fabric;Radiation grafting;Uranyl ions;Adsorption99|289|1更新时间：2025-02-28 - “在生物大分子光敏损伤领域，研究者采用稳态光照方法，发现二氟沙星药物在特定波长下能损伤溶菌酶，损伤程度与药物浓度、光照时间和气氛条件密切相关。”摘要：The photooxidative damage induced by difloxacin to lysozyme was studied using steady-state illumination. Difloxacin damaged lysozyme structure under 315~375 nm light irradiation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that the mechanisms and products of oxidative damage were related to the difloxacin concentration, time of irradiation, and ambient conditions. Longer irradiation time and higher difloxacin concentration lead to more serious damage to lysozyme. When incubated under nitrogen, air, or oxygen, the most serious damage to lysozyme was observed in an oxygen atmosphere. The type I process was examined in a nitrogen-saturated solution, whereas both type I and type II were observed in an aerobic atmosphere, and type II was the dominant process.关键词：Lysozyme;Difloxacin;Photooxidative damage;Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)69|127|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “最新研究发现，电离辐射可促进神经胶质瘤细胞初级纤毛发生，抑制纤毛能增强细胞辐射敏感性。”摘要：The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on ciliogenesis of human glioblastoma cells. The glioblastoma cell lines M059K and M059J were exposed to X-ray or carbon ion at different doses, and the incidence and length of primary cilia that emerged were detected by immunofluorescence. A colony formation assay was used to investigate the influence of primary cilia interference by siRNA against IFT88 (siIFT88) on the cellular sensitivity to IR. The results showed that both M059K and M059J harbor primary cilia, with the incidence in M059K and M059J cells at (41.36±4.75)% and (8.07±1.58)%, respectively. The average length of cilia in both cells exceeded 3 μm, with M059J cells having lower frequency and shorter length of primary cilia, and exhibiting a prominently higher radiosensitivity compared to M059K cells. Conversely, X-ray irradiation significantly increased the incidence of primary cilia in M059K cells, and the rate of ciliogenesis reaching approximately 60% when exposed to 10 Gy. Notably, suppression of ciliogenesis by siIFT88 remarkably elevated the radiosensitivity of M059K cells. Moreover, IR-induced ciliogenesis showed dose-dependent and time-response characteristics. In summary, IR promotes ciliogenesis by increasing both number and length of primary cilia, and the obstruction of primary ciliogenesis enhances the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Primary cilia;Glioblastoma;Radiosensitivity124|134|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在放射治疗领域，专家验证了基于CT影像重建3D剂量的可行性，为提高剂量重建精度提供解决方案。”摘要：A 3D dose verification of RapidArc plans was performed using an Octavius 1500 detector. The feasibility of 3D dose reconstruction based on CT images and the factors that affect the accuracy of dose reconstruction were investigated. The dose verification results in phantom and CT images were analyzed on 106 clinically approved RapidArc plans for different anatomical sites (31 head and neck, 36 chest, and 39 pelvis), and a 3D global volumetric γ index analysis was established under the tolerance criteria of 3%/3 mm, 3%/2 mm, 2%/2 mm, and 2%/1 mm (threshold 10%). The average volumetric 3D global gamma analysis results for the different sites were 99.31%, 99.86%, and 98.36% (3%/3 mm, p=0.308) and 96.74%, 97.91%, and 95.16% (3%/2 mm, p=0.193). For the 36 plans measured with the Octavius 729 matrix again, the 95% confidence intervals for the 1500 and 729 detectors were [98.53, 99.58]% and [95.16, 96.93]% for the 3%/3 mm criteria (mean values are 99.05% and 96.05%), [95.57, 97.99]% and [89.56, 92.63]% for the 3%/2 mm criteria (mean values are 96.78% and 91.09%), [88.89, 94.10]% and [81.41, 86.09]% for the 2%/2 mm criteria (mean values are 91.49% and 83.75%), and [75.66, 84.14]% and [67.68,74.05]% for 2%/1 mm criteria (mean values are 79.9% and 70.86%), respectively. The accuracy of the Octavius system in reconstructing the 3D volumetric dose may depend on the complexity of the target, the steepness of the dose gradient, and the resolution of the ionization chamber matrix. Analysis of the failed points (γ>1) based on the plan CT images is feasible.关键词：Octavius 1500 ion chamber detector;RapidArc;3D dose reconstruction;Quality assurance79|339|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “最新研究发现，电晕放电等离子体辐射能改变紫花蓿种子种皮化学结构，提高种子亲水性和吸水能力，促进种子生长。”摘要：Alfalfa seeds were directly treated with corona discharge plasma radiation and compared with the control group, which was covered by a Petri dish, blocking the etching effect of ionic wind and thus simulating the effect of a non-uniform electric field. The results showed that corona discharge plasma radiation changed the chemical structure of the seed coat. The peak value of the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the seed coat at 2 856 cm‒1 and 1 729 cm‒1 changed after treatment, indicating that the wax, lipids, and cellulose in the seed coat may have been degraded. Measurements of the seed floating rate and apparent contact angle in the treated seeds compared to the measurements in the control group indicated that corona discharge plasma radiation also improved the hydrophilicity of the alfalfa seeds. In the control group, the Petri dish cover effectively reduced the physicochemical etching by ionic wind; thus, it appears that ionic wind has a greater influence on the seed coat than does the non-uniform electric field. Scanning electron micrograph images showed that the etching of the seed coat in the treated seeds was severe; the cellulose of the seed coat was degraded, and the surface was cracked, which improved the water absorption capacity of the seed. The seedling height of the seeds treated with corona discharge plasma radiation increased significantly compared to that of the control group, indicating that the physicochemical etching of the ionic wind had resulted in a macroscopic biological effect. This study provides experimental data support for the analysis of surface modification and chemical structure composition of alfalfa seeds treated with corona discharge plasma radiation and also provides a basis for further study of the biological effect mechanism of the corona discharge field.关键词：Corona discharge plasma;Alfalfa;Hydrophilicity;Seed coat microstructure80|148|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “辐射技术处理含Pb（II）废水，去除率可达98%，为废水处理提供新方案。”摘要：In this study, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the change of Pb(II) ion concentration in solution before and after 60Co γ-ray irradiation; also, factors, such as the gas atmosphere, mole concentration of the initial Pb(II) ion, anion species, hydroxyl scavenger, and the effects of adding a small amount of silica sol during solid-liquid phase separation were examined to characterize their effects on the reduction treatment of wastewater containing Pb(II). The results showed that radiation-induced solvated electrons can reduce Pb(II) to Pb(0) and that the removal rate can reach 98% at an absorbed dose of 50 kGy. Nitrogen protection increased the removal rate of Pb(II) by approximately 2.5 times. The effect of the type of anion on the removal rate was negligible, but the addition of the hydroxyl radical shielding agent significantly improved the Pb(II) removal rate; the order of improvement from high to low was formic acid>isopropanol>methanol>ethanol>tertiary butanol. Additionally, due to the charge effect, the presence of low concentration (5~50 mmol/L) silica sol inhibits the reduction and removal of Pb(II). The removal rate of radiation treatment was better for higher initial concentration of Pb(II) ions. In concentrated solutions, additional pre-solvated electrons and excited state H2O** may also participate in the reduction reaction. This study provides insights for designing a feasible and optimal radiation process to treat wastewater containing lead ions.关键词：Wastewater treatment;Lead ion;Radiation reduction;Solvated electronics95|113|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “厦门市地下综合管廊电磁环境监测结果显示，整体电磁环境安全，远低于国家电磁辐射暴露限值要求。”摘要：To study the distribution characteristics of the overall electromagnetic environment in the main working areas of an underground utility tunnel, a set of process and monitoring methods for the electromagnetic environment layout of the underground utility tunnel was established by referring to relevant standards. The electromagnetic environment of five underground utility tunnels in Xiamen was monitored using the above-mentioned method from 2017 to 2019. The power frequency electric field intensity range is 0.084~4.995 V/m, and the power frequency magnetic induction intensity is 0.026~21.069 μT. The overall electromagnetic environment of the utility tunnels meets the national requirements and is much lower than the specified national limits of electromagnetic radiation exposure (a power frequency electric field strength at 50 Hz frequency is less than 4 000 V/m, and the power frequency magnetic induction strength is less than 100 μT). There is no significant difference between months in the overall electromagnetic environment of utility tunnel. However, in the underground utility tunnel of Jimei Avenue in Xiamen, where 110 kV transmission line is connected and the outer material is slightly damaged, the power frequency electromagnetic field intensity is significantly higher than that of the ordinary monitoring points, and there is no significant difference between the power frequency magnetic induction intensity and the ordinary monitoring points. The electromagnetic environment of underground utility tunnels in Xiamen is safe for employees. Compared with overhead 110 kV transmission lines, it has less impact on the surrounding electromagnetic environment.关键词：Utility tunnel;Electromagnetic environment monitoring;Electromagnetic radiation;Radiofrequency radiation71|60|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在核事故应急救援领域，专家构建了数据库系统，整合多源异构数据，为救援提供决策支持。”摘要：After a major nuclear accident, emergency rescue can be carried out in a timely, scientific and reasonable manner with a quick grasp of the information on the distribution of emergency rescue forces, rescue supplies, and the population. In this study, a fundamental database system for nuclear accident emergency rescue was constructed based on a geographic information system platform. The system is used for the analysis and management of basic data on nuclear emergencies, geographic environment, emergency forces, emergency plans, resource safeguards, support forces around nuclear facilities, the construction of nuclear accident emergency reference documents, regulations, and standards, case analysis document. With the comprehensive application of advanced technologies such as visualization, digital maps, and human computer interaction, nuclear emergency data and maps are visually displayed, which can aid in nuclear accident emergency decision-making and technical support.关键词：Nuclear accident emergency;Database system;GIS;Emergency rescue forces;Decision-making support99|179|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在放射性泄漏领域，专家建立了植被效应下的放射性核素弥散模型，为评估事故后果提供技术参考。”摘要：In this study, we analyzed a region where accidentally released radionuclides were affected by the surrounding vegetation. A radioactive leakage accident affecting shelterbelts located on both sides of a road was selected for modeling. A model of radionuclide dispersion based on computational fluid dynamics was established considering the vegetation effect, and the radionuclide distribution under different pressure loss coefficients was obtained. The results showed that the pressure loss effects of vegetation within a certain range influenced the progression of radionuclide dispersion. The distribution of radionuclides tended to be stable during the release process due to the vortex effect between vegetation groups; this provides a reference for the consequence assessment of radioactive leakage accidents in vegetation environments.关键词：Vegetation effect;Pressure loss coefficient;Radionuclide;Dispersion90|111|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION PROTECTION
- “在化学领域，研究者通过光谱和电化学方法，比较了苝系衍生物的电子吸收、荧光和电致化学发光特性，发现PMD-2具有最强发光强度。”摘要：The fluorescence quantum yield (Φf), molar extinction coefficient (ε), and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of perylene monoimide alcohol ester derivatives (PMDs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV) charge trapping technique under identical conditions. The results showed that the Φf values of n-propylPMI, ethylPMI and PMD(1~4) were 0.96, 0.98, 0.94, 0.93, 0.91 and 0.89. ECL test results displayed that the luminescence intensity of PMD-2 was the highest, followed by that of PMD-4. The anhydride bond esterification affected the fluorescence quenching less, and only the derivatives spectral peaks were shifted. In the CV curves of PMD(1~4) the oxidation peaks disappeared, and those of PMD-2, and PMD-4 exhibited only reduction peaks.关键词：Perylene alcohol ester imide;Fluorescence;Fluorescence quantum yield;Electrochemistry;Electrogenerated chemiluminescence70|139|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
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