最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 3 ， 2021
- “据最新研究报道，胞质分裂阻滞微核分析自动化检测技术取得进展，有望提高辐射生物剂量估算准确性。”摘要：In the field of radiation biological dose estimation, cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus analysis (CBMN method) is the best internationally recognized estimation approach, excluding chromosomal aberrations. To overcome the limitations of the artificial CBMN method, namely the large amount of time and labor required for its execution, automated methods are being widely explored to detect binuclear cell micronuclei. This study involves an analysis of the relevant literature on an international level and an inspection and summary of the research on CBMN automated analysis so as to fully describe the current research progress and characteristics thereof. On this basis, future development trends of CBMN automated analysis can be predicted to provide useful references for researchers in related fields.关键词：Cytokinesis block micronucleus;Automatic image acquisition;Automatic analysis algorithm76|84|0更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
- “据最新报道，研究人员发现γ射线辐照能显著提升聚丙烯泡沫材料的亲油疏水性能，为制备相关材料提供新方法。”摘要：The effects of γ-ray irradiation on the lipophilic and hydrophobic properties of two types of polypropylene (PP) foam materials were systematically studied. Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and high-melt-strength polypropylene (HMSPP) sheets were prepared by hot pressing with a thickness of 1 mm, and then PP foams were prepared by supercritical CO2 batch foaming. Finally, the foamed samples were irradiated with γ-rays. The results showed that the melting points and crystallization temperatures of the two foams decreased after irradiation. The scanning electron microscope images showed that the cell walls of both PP foams appeared cracks and the roughness of the foam’s cross-section increased significantly. The water contact angle of iPP foam largely increased by 26.4%, and the contact angle of HMSPP foam increased from 135.2° to 141.8°, which almost reached the super-hydrophobic level. The enhanced roughness increased the hydrophilic defects and the droplet adhesion resistance. Moreover, the appearance of the cracks in the cell walls increased the connectivity between cells, which largely increased the foam oil absorption permeability and the oil absorption quantity. This study provides a method for preparing lipophilic and hydrophobic foam.关键词：γ-ray irradiation;PP foam;Supercritical CO2 foaming;Hydrophobicity;Oil absorbency112|235|1更新时间：2025-02-28
-
Fabrication of bamboo fiber-based adsorbent by radiation grafting and rapid adsorption of phosphate AI导读
“在环境治理领域，研究人员通过辐射接枝技术合成季铵盐改性竹纤维，有效吸附磷酸盐，为水处理提供新方案。”摘要：Quaternary ammonium salt modified bamboo fiber was prepared by radiation grafting of methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride on the bamboo fiber. The modified bamboo fiber was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt monomer was successfully grafted on the surface of the bamboo fiber. The adsorption behavior of phosphate on the modified bamboo fiber was examined by batch and fixed-bed column adsorption experiments. The adsorption kinetics of phosphate on the modified bamboo fiber followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with an equilibrium time of 20 min. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 67.48 mg/g when using the Langmuir model which was well fitted with the adsorption isotherms data. The fix-bed column experiments showed that the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models explained the experimental data effectively. Moreover, the modified bamboo fiber can be effectively regenerated for further use. Such high adsorption and desorption efficiency of the modified bamboo fiber is advantageous for phosphate adsorption in practical applications.关键词：Radiation grafting;Bamboo fiber;Phosphorus adsorption;Fix-bed column86|49|0更新时间：2025-02-28 - “在材料科学领域，研究者通过电子束辐照超高分子量聚乙烯微孔膜，发现吸收剂量75 kGy时凝胶分数达97%，但机械性能和结晶度下降，耐温性提高。”摘要：An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) microporous membrane was affixed to a plate and heated to 126~127 °C, and its absorbed dose was controlled at 0 kGy, 25 kGy, 50 kGy, and 75 kGy irradiated by a high-energy electron beam. The effects of different absorbed doses on the cross-linking degree, tensile strength, puncture force, crystallinity, and temperature resistance of the UHMWPE microporous membranes under heated conditions were investigated. The crosslinking degree of the UHMWPE microporous membrane with an absorbed dose of 75 kGy was 97%, and the membrane integrity was maintained up to 12 h after boiling in xylene. The mechanical properties of the membrane degraded, and the tensile strength decreased from 151.8 to 75.3 MPa. The puncture force reduced from 4.31 to 2.74 N, exhibiting a 36% decrease. The crystallinity and thermal shrinkage ratio also decreased from 30.7% to 23.4% and from 95.8% to 1.8%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that the greater the absorbed dose, more significant was the pore closure of the UHMWPE microporous membrane.关键词：High temperature radiation crosslinking;Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) microporous membrane;Temperature resistance72|217|3更新时间：2025-02-28
- “紫外辐照对尼龙6织物结构与性能的影响研究，揭示了UV辐照导致尼龙6织物损伤的机制，为相关领域提供参考。”摘要：Nylon 6 fabric was subjected to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for different time periods (with a UV power density of 100 W/cm2) to investigate the influence of UV irradiation on the structure and properties of the nylon 6 fabric. The surface morphology, infrared spectra, whiteness, breaking strength, thermal stability, and surface wettability were discussed herein. The results indicate that UV irradiation could cause damage to the structure and properties of the nylon 6 fabric. When the fabric was UV-irradiated for 8 min, the surface roughness of the fiber increased, and adhesion occurred between the fibers. The attenuated total reflection Flourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectra indicate that the UV-irradiated part of the nylon 6 fabric surface was photo-oxidized. After the UV irradiation, the nylon 6 fabric became yellow, and the whiteness decreased. Owing to the fracture of the amide group (-CONH-), the amorphous region of the fiber increased. As a result, the melting point of the nylon 6 fabric decreased from 223.3 °C to 215.6 °C, suggesting a reduction in thermal stability, and the breaking strength decreased from 1 008.0 N to 425.3 N. After the UV irradiation, the surface wettability of the fabric increased. Damages caused to the structure and properties of the nylon 6 fabric would become more serious with further increase in the irradiation time.关键词：Nylon 6 fabric;UV irradiation;Breaking strength;Thermal stability;Surface wettability120|205|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在材料科学领域，研究人员采用共辐射接枝技术，成功制备了聚偏氟乙烯接枝改性的钛酸钡纳米杂化粒子，有效提高了材料的机械性能。”摘要：Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles were successfully prepared by grafting polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) onto barium titanate (BT) nanoparticles (F-BT) by the co-irradiation technique at room temperature under vacuum. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that PVDF was covalently grafted onto the BT surface. The crystallization behavior of F-BT was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which revealed that the crystalline phase of PVDF on the BT surface was the β phase, while there is no indication of the presence of an α phase. The prepared F-BT nanoparticles were then dispersed in the PVDF matrix to obtain the nanocomposites. Compared to pristine BT, F-BT showed better dispersion in the PVDF matrix and enhanced mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. This can be attributed to the grafted tails on the F-BT, which had specific interactions with PVDF molecular chains.关键词：Radiation grafting;Barium titanate;Nanoparticles;Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF);Dispersion82|163|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- “在头颈部肿瘤放射治疗领域，研究显示肩膀位置移动对靶区和危及器官剂量有显著影响，尤其是VMAT方式下肩膀朝头方向移动15mm时影响最大。”摘要：To analyze the dosimetric effects of shoulder position shift on target volumes and organs at risk (OARs) during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, 14 patients with different types of head and neck cancer were selected. Based on original positioning CTs (o-CTs), the shoulder position was moved toward the superior inferior (SI) direction, anterior posterior (AP) direction, and the left right (LR) direction by 3 mm, 6 mm, and 15 mm, then 252 new CTs (n-CTs) were produced. After setting the movement, the new adipose tissue density was set to 1 g/cm3, and the movement of the bone tissue was also considered. The original plan (o-plan) on the o-CT was copied to the n-CTs and recalculated to obtain 252 new plans (n-plans). The differences between the o-plan and n-plan target volumes and OARs in field-fixed intensity modulated radiotherapy and the volumetric modulated arc intensity (VMAT) were studied, and the dose changes of the target volume D95% and spinal cord Dmax were compared with the movement of the shoulder position. It was proved that the effects of the shoulder position shift on the target volume and OARs for head and neck cancers are substantial, especially a 15 mm shift toward the superior direction had the greatest influence, reaching 4.16% (VMAT). The closer the target area is to the shoulder, the more serious the impact. The spinal cord dose increased greatly, reaching a maximum of 72.8 cGy, 100 cGy and 212 cGy (VMAT), respectively, for shift of 3 mm, 6 mm, and 15 mm towards the inferior direction. The o-plan and p-plan were analyzed using a 3D γ passing rate (3%/3 mm), that was more than 95% except for the 15 mm shift towards the superior direction. Radiotherapy technicians should pay attention to ensure that the shoulder is lightly touching the thermoplastic mold during radiotherapy positioning for head and neck tumors to prevent patients from shrugging their shoulders. The OAR dose limit should be considered in the planning design, and a sufficient margin should be left to prevent the excessive dose caused by the positioning.关键词：Shoulder position shift;Head and neck tumor;Radiotherapy;Target volume;Organs at risk91|87|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “在药用栀子种子组织培养领域，研究者通过60Co γ射线辐照处理，发现20~40 Gy剂量下栀子能正常生长，为栀子育种提供新方法。”摘要：This study aims to investigate the mutagenic effect of 60Co γ radiation on the tissue culture of medicinal gardenia seeds. Four 60Co γ radiation doses were selected to irradiate the fruits of the gardenia jasminoides obtained from Linhai No. 1 and those of the wild jasminoides obtained from Wugang, and then the treated seeds were tissue cultured. The rate of callus, mortality, adventitious bud differentiation, and adventitious root differentiation, and the change in the structure of the leaf tissue under different radiation doses were observed and compared. With the increase in the 60Co γ radiation dose, the callus rate of the Linhai No. 1 gardenia decreased, whereas that of the Wugang wild gardenia increased under a radiation dose of 40 Gy. The adventitious bud differentiation rate and rooting rate of the two types of gardenias decreased after radiation. The semilethal dose for the “Linhai No. 1” gardenia was 20~40 Gy and that of the Wugang wild gardenia was approximately 40 Gy. Different degrees of changes were observed in the stomata of the leaves of the two gardenias, and their guard cells were found to shrink; the most significant differences were observed under the radiation dose of 40 Gy. The “Linhai No. 1” and Wugang wild gardenias that were treated under 60Co γ radiation emerged and grew normally with a higher rooting rate, indicating that 60Co γ is a more suitable radiation dosage.关键词：60Co γ ray radiation;Gardenia45|69|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在化学领域，研究人员通过光谱和电化学方法，比较了苝系衍生物的电子吸收、荧光和电致化学发光特性，发现PMD-2具有最强发光强度。”摘要：The fluorescence quantum yield (Φf), molar extinction coefficient (ε), and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of perylene monoimide alcohol ester derivatives (PMDs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV) charge trapping technique under identical conditions. The results showed that the Φf values of n-propylPMI, ethylPMI and PMD(1~4) were 0.96, 0.98, 0.94, 0.93, 0.91 and 0.89. ECL test results displayed that the luminescence intensity of PMD-2 was the highest, followed by that of PMD-4. The anhydride bond esterification affected the fluorescence quenching less, and only the derivatives spectral peaks were shifted. In the CV curves of PMD(1~4) the oxidation peaks disappeared, and those of PMD-2, and PMD-4 exhibited only reduction peaks.关键词：Perylene alcohol ester imide;Fluorescence;Fluorescence quantum yield;Electrochemistry;Electrogenerated chemiluminescence75|168|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “在5G手机辐射研究领域，专家建立了多频段5G手机模型，验证了5G手机天线辐射对人体头部安全的猜想，为5G手机辐射安全研究提供了解决方案。”摘要：In order to study the effect of specific absorption of electromagnetic radiation and temperature field distributions from 5G mobile phone antenna on the human head, the multi band 5G mobile phone model and three-layer spherical head model representing the scalp, skull and brain layers of the human head tissue were established using COMSOL simulation software. The special absorption rate (SAR) and temperature field distribution of each layer of the human head caused by electromagnetic exposure of mobile phones with two kinds of commonly used antenna input power and four kinds of working frequencies were simulated. The simulation results showed that, for the two input powers, the maximum SAR value in the scalp layer is 0.715 W/kg at 1 900 MHz, and the corresponding surface temperature is the highest, reaching a value up to 37.209 °C. When the distance from the mobile phone to the head increases from 5 mm to 30 mm, the maximum SAR value decreases by 50.20%, however, the maximum temperature field reduction is only 0.180%. The simulation results showed that all SAR values and temperature field distributions are lower than the limits prescribed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Based on the results, the distribution of electromagnetic radiation and temperature field in the human head caused by 5G mobile phone antenna is considered safe.关键词：5G mobile phone antenna;Multi band;Electromagnetic exposure;Special absorption rate;Temperature field distribution183|286|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION PROTECTION
- “在超细颗粒核石墨失效评估领域，专家利用ABAQUS软件验证并优化Modified-ASME模型，为工程设计提供解决方案。”摘要：The Modified-ASME model is mainly used for the failure assessment of ultra-fine particle nuclear graphite, but the model has not yet passed experimental verification. This article first uses ABAQUS software to establish a four-point stress experimental model to verify the Modified-ASME model. It is found that the error between the calculation result of the model and the experiment is more than 20%, which could not meet the requirement that the error in engineering design should be less than 18%. Therefore, the model should be optimized. This paper optimizes the Modified-ASME model based on the Brazilian disk experiment and the correction of Weibull parameters. The error between the optimized Modified-ASME model calculation results and the experiment is within 10%, which meets the design requirements.关键词：Nuclear graphite;Failure probability;Finite element method;Probabilistic method51|154|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
- Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 沪ICP备05005479号-1
京公网安备11010802024621 - It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
- Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
0