最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 6 ， 2021
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Radiation preparation and application status of photosensitive antibacterial composite hydrogel AI导读
“据最新报道，水凝胶复合材料在抗菌活性和微生物失活领域取得重要进展，为相关应用提供新思路。”摘要：Hydrogels comprise hydrophilic polymer networks. Owing to their good biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, they are widely used in wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioreactors, contact lenses, and other fields. This article summarizes some typical photocatalysts, photosensitizers, and hydrogel composite materials and their antibacterial activities, as well as the basic mechanisms of photothermal and photodynamic effects. In addition, the advantages of radiation technology for preparing photosensitive antibacterial hydrogels are discussed in detail, along with the applications of hydrogels in various fields and the challenges in their use. Finally, future development of photosensitive antibacterial hydrogels is discussed.关键词：Radiation construction;Photosensitive antibacterial;Hydrogel;Application status102|564|0更新时间：2025-02-28 - “在半导体领域，CdS荧光量子点的电离辐射制备方法获得突破，为光催化、生物医药等应用提供新途径。”摘要：Semiconductor CdS fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) have been widely studied for their excellent optical and electrical properties. There are many mature preparation methods of CdS QDs have been developed. Among these, the ionizing radiation preparation method is generally easy to implement under normal temperature and pressure, it is also safe and effective, and environmentally friendly. The associated ionizing radiation preparation methods for CdS QDs, such as γ-ray radiation preparation and electron beam radiation preparation, are reviewed to provide a reference for the preparation of other fluorescent QDs. The applications of CdS QDs in the fields of photocatalysts, biomedicine, and solar cells, in addition to applications in the field of analysis, are reviewed. In light of the current research status of CdS QDs, the application prospects and development directions of CdS QDs are discussed.关键词：Semiconductor;CdS;Quantum dots;Ionizing radiation preparation;Review95|129|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在环境治理和医疗卫生领域，水凝胶光催化复合材料因其超吸水性和可回收性而备受关注。电离辐射技术以其简便、安全的特点，为水凝胶基光催化复合材料的制备提供了新途径。”摘要：To overcome the disadvantage of regular photocatalysts that lack favorable recyclability, hydrogel has become an excellent carrier for photocatalysts. Hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites have the advantages of super-absorbency and recyclability. They can be widely used in the environmental treatment and in medical and health fields. As one of the preparation methods of hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites, ionizing radiation technology is simple, safe, and pollution-free; it can be applied to the industrial production of hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the ionizing radiation technology, the classification of hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites, and radiation preparation methods and their applications. Further, it provides an outlook on future research directions in light of the current research status of hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Hydrogel;Photocatalytic;Composite materials114|173|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “最新研究报道，聚乙烯醇、高取代羟丙基纤维素和氧化石墨烯合成的复合水凝胶，在组织工程和生物医学领域具有应用潜力。”摘要：Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), highly substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (HHPC), and graphene oxide (GO) as raw materials, a high-strength GO composite hydrogel was synthesized. The effects of the absorbed dose and GO doping on the mechanical properties of the composite hydrogels were investigated via freeze-thawing and irradiation crosslinking. The effects of GO doping on the microstructure and composition of the HHPC/PVA hydrogel were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, a material testing machine, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and other characterization methods. For an absorbed dose of 60 kGy and GO filling amount of 0.36 mg/g, the GO/HHPC/PVA composite hydrogel exhibited the highest mechanical strength (up to 3.5 MPa), excellent swelling degree (5.3%), and high gel fraction (81.65%). Therefore, the hydrogel is expected to have applications in fields such as tissue engineering and biomedicine.关键词：High strength (3.5 MPa);Hydrogel;Graphene oxide;Freezing-thawing;Radiation crosslinking83|187|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在导电材料领域，科研团队采用静电自组装等技术，成功制备了聚3,4-乙烯基二氧噻吩导电复合膜，电导率达到4×10‒1 S/cm，为辐射技术研究复合导电材料提供理论参考。”摘要：A nano-TiO2 layer was coated onto the surface of an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) conductive glass sheet by electrostatic self-assembly, sol-gel, and impregnation and pull methods. The 3, 4-vinyldioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer was grafted onto the surface by electron-beam radiation grafting. Thus, an ITO-TiO2-PEDOT conductive composite film was successfully prepared. Composite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle testing. The conductivity of ITO-TiO2-PEDOT (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive composite film reached 4×10‒1 S/cm at a dose of 4 kGy/s, and the absorbed dose was 20 kGy, providing a theoretical reference for studies on composite conductive materials produced by techniques involving radiation.关键词：Electrostatic self-assembly;Sol-gel;Radiation grafting;Conductive materials44|69|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “据最新研究报道，60Co γ射线辐照对苦草种子萌发和生长具有显著影响，为苦草新品种选育提供参考。”摘要：The seeds of Vallisneria natans (V. natans) were irradiated with four different doses of 60Co γ rays. Germination rate, plant height, fresh weight, chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidase activities were assessed to investigate the effects of 60Co γ irradiation on V. natans seed germination and growth. The germination rate of V. natans seeds treated with 60 Gy and 120 Gy was significantly lower than that of the control group. Chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll content of irradiated V. natans leaves initially increased, then decreased. The malondialdehyde content of V. natans leaves treated with 120 Gy was significantly higher than that of control leaves. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in V. natans leaves treated with 60 Gy and 120 Gy was significantly higher than that in control leaves. Catalase (CAT) activity in V. natans leaves treated with 30 Gy, 60 Gy, and 120 Gy was significantly lower than that in control leaves. This research can provide biochemical references for the selection and breeding of new varieties of V. natans.关键词：60Co γ ray;Vallisneria natans;Malondialdehyde;Antioxidase65|243|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “据最新报道，研究人员利用SuperMC软件和JEFF3.2数据库，针对中国聚变工程试验堆CFETR第一阶段设计，计算分析了双功能液态铅锂包层部件的活化特性。结果表明，在200 MW功率下运行10年，经过50年冷却后，包层部件可满足放射性废物处理要求。”摘要：Based on the design requirements of the first stage of the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR), the activation performance calculation and analysis of the components in the dual function lead-lithium blanket were performed using a neutron transport design and safety evaluation software system (SuperMC) with the fusion evaluation database JEFF3.2. A coupled burnup and transportation calculation method was used to calculate the radioactivity, residual decay heat, dose rate, and potential biological hazards of each component in the equatorial surface of the fusion reactor at different times after shutdown. The waste disposal problem of the tritium breeding blanket after the decommissioning of the fusion reactor was analyzed according to the relevant nuclear waste disposal standards in the safety and environment assessment of fusion power strategy. Results of the analysis show that under the condition of normal operation of 200 MW for 10 years, all components of the breeding blanket in the CFETR can satisfy simple recycling standards and meet the requirements of the first stage of CFETR radioactive waste treatment after 50 a of cooling.关键词：Fusion blanket;Material activation;Radioactive waste;Fusion reactor;Monte Carlo method65|160|0更新时间：2025-02-28
Special column of articles from Hubei Univ. of Sci. and Technol.
- “在认知障碍研究领域，专家通过小鼠实验揭示了头部X射线照射导致认知障碍的机制，为相关研究提供了新方向。”摘要：To investigate the role of microglia in the process of cognitive impairment caused by local ionizing radiation, eighteen male mice from the institute of cancer research (ICR) were randomly divided into a control group (Control) and a head 10 Gy irradiation group (Irradiation, 10 Gy-IR). The head ionization irradiation group underwent X-ray (Siemens linear accelerator) single head irradiation illuminated to an absorbed dose of 10 Gy. Fifty-six days later, the new and old object recognition test and the new and old place recognition test were used to test the cognitive function of the mice; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the mouse hippocampal microglia marke (IBA-1) change; RT-PCR was used to detect changes at the mRNA level of hippocampal M1/M2 microglia markers (CD16, INOS, CD68, CXCL10, Arg1, CD206). The results showed that compared with the control group, the time discrimination index of new things (p<0.01) and the time discrimination index of new positions (p<0.05) of mice in the head ionization irradiation group were significantly reduced. The number of IBA-1 positive cells in the dentate gyrus (DG area) of the mouse hippocampus increased significantly (p<0.05). The microglia in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice in the head ionization irradiation group increased in size. The protrusion retracted and the number of dendritic branches and the number of intersections of concentric circles decreased significantly (p<0.05). The expression of M1-type microglia marker CD68 in the hippocampi of mice irradiated with the head was significantly upregulated (p<0.05), whereas the expression of M2-type microglia marker Arg1 was significantly downregulated (p<0.001). It is suggested that the cognitive impairment in mice caused by head X-ray irradiation may be related to the morphological changes in hippocampal microglia.关键词：Irradiation;Mice;Hippocampal;Cognitive impairment;Microglia108|89|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在超小体积肿瘤立体定向放射治疗领域，专家提出了电离室实时交叉校准方法，实现了绝对点剂量的准确测量，为提高治疗精度提供了解决方案。”摘要：A real-time ion-chamber cross-calibration method was proposed to achieve accurate absolute point dose measurements to plan stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for ultra-small volume tumors. The clinical SRT radiotherapy plans were first replicated onto the CT of a stereotactic dose verification phantom with a micro-chamber, and the theoretical value of the absolute point dose was calculated via the planning system (TPS). The micro-chamber was then cross-calibrated with a classic farmer chamber prior to each batch of measurements to derive a real-time cross-calibration factor. Finally, measurements were performed with the micro-chamber, and the measured values of the point dose and absolute point dose error were calculated using real-time cross-calibration factors and the calibration factors of the farmer chamber. The absolute point dose errors were then retrospectively recalculated using the average of all cross-calibration factors and compared with the previous results. A total of 10 batches of measurements were carried out, one for each stereotactic body radiation therapy plan. The results showed that the absolute point dose error calculated using the real-time cross-calibration factors were all within ±3% tolerance, with 8/10 within ±2%. In contrast, 2/10 of the results calculated using the average cross-calibration factor exceeded ±3%, and only 5/10 were within ±2%. The real-time cross-calibration method was found to be more robust when using the micro ion chamber for absolute point dose measurements for ultra-small tumors.关键词：Stereotactic radiotherapy;Ultra-small volume tumor;Micro ion-chamber;Absolute point dose measurement;Cross-calibration74|216|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在放射治疗领域，研究者对比了两种探测器在验证部分弧RapidArc计划中的应用，发现aSi-1200 EPID的γ通过率更高，但两种探测器均无法可靠识别MLC射束模型误差，为解释IROC-H体模试验高失败率提供参考。”摘要：By comparing the application of aSi-1200 EPID and Octavius 729 detector using dose verification of conventional segmentation flattening filter free partial RapidArc plans, the limitations and γ response to the modified multi-leaf collimator (MLC) model were investigated. CU (Calibration unit) value curves of Crossline and Inline in fluence plots for different square field plans designed on water phantom were used to examine the effectiveness of the backscattering shielding layer of an aSi-1200 EPID. A two-dimensional (2D) γ analysis was performed on 50 plans under different tolerance criteria and thresholds (global normalization). The plan data with lower γ pass rate were imported into Verisoft software for dose reconstruction. By introducing transmission factor (TF) and dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) deviations with different magnitudes in multi-leaf collimator (MLC) model, a total of 80 modified dose distributions were obtained, and the γ passing rates between measured doses of the original plans and the TPS doses of the modified plans were analyzed. The results show that the CU values in the areas with dropped fields are 2~3 times higher in the positive off-axis positions, and the measured values in the Inline directions were generally smaller than the Crossline directions for a Varian EDGE linac. Nevertheless, CU values of the Halcyon accelerator coincided almost completely in both directions. The median and mean γ passing rates obtained from the EPID were higher than the 729 matrix. The deviations DD% between the TPS doses and the reconstructed doses based on measurements from the Octavius 729 and Octavius 1500 matrices are as follows: D98% of PGTV (-9.60%，-14.30%)，V30 of heart (-6.80%，-2.36%), V30 of Lung L (-8.11%，15.79%), V30 of Lung R (100%，50%), Dmax of Cord (3.55%, -0.82%). With the increase in the deviations of TF and DLG, the γ pass rates obtained from the EPID and Octavius 729 showed no trend of decreasing. A method to test the effectiveness of the backscattering shielding of an EPID detector performed using linac is provided. The dose measurement results suggested that the γ index obtained from the aSi-1200 EPID and Octavius 729 detectors could not reliably identify an error-introducing MLC model, which provide reference for the interpretation of the reported high failure rates of the IROC-H phantom tests.关键词：Conventional segmentation;Partial arc;Flattening filter free;Dosimetric verification76|216|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “科技媒体新闻记者报道：研究人员开发出新型季鏻化多级孔二氧化硅材料HPS-C-P，具有高效吸附ReO4-性能，为辐射环境下水处理提供新方案。”摘要：Hierarchically porous silica was alkylated with trimethylchlorosilane, and a novel quaternary phosphonium modified hierarchically porous silica (HPS-C-P) was prepared by radiation-induced grafting of quaternary phosphonium. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and specific surface area (BET) analysis results indicated that alkyl and quaternary phosphonium groups were uniformly grafted on the surface of hierarchically porous silica. It was found that the adsorption of HPS-C-P for ReO4- could reach equilibrium within 4 min, and the adsorption capacity was 140.5 mg/g, which was higher than that of hierarchically porous silica modified with quaternary phosphonium by a chemical method (74.4 mg/g). The maximum separation factor (SF) of HPS-C-P relative to NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, CO32-- and PO43- toward ReO4- could reach 159, 827, 557, 681, 1 905, which was higher than those of most recently reported adsorbents. Moreover, HPS-C-P exhibited high radiation resistance and cyclic adsorption performance. FTIR spectroscopy and XPS analysis results showed that ReO4- was adsorbed by HPS-C-P through the ion exchange mechanism.关键词：Quaternary phosphonium;Hierarchically porous silica;Re adsorption;Radiation grafting99|160|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT
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