最新刊期
卷 40 ， 期 3 ， 2022
- “据最新研究，硅泡沫在复杂环境下易老化，准确预测其寿命面临挑战。专家对硅泡沫加速老化研究成果进行了综述，为预测使用寿命提供理论支持。”摘要：Silicone rubber foam is a significant structural material in specific systems. It works effectively under mechanical and complex environmental loads such as thermal, oxygen, irradiation, and so on. Previous studies have showed that the silicone rubber foam ages under complex conditions such as heat, oxygen, irradiation, and mechanical, which leads to the deterioration of its material properties. The aging mechanism of porous silicon rubber foam under the combination of thermal oxygen and irradiation is more complicated in contrast to the ordinary thermal degradation of rubber. It has always been challenging to predict the service life of silicon rubber foam accurately. The development of new experimental techniques for enhancing numerical modeling ability and establishing a theoretical multi-field aging model has been a key concern. Further, it is essential for predicting the life of silicon rubber foam and guiding performance evaluation. In this study, the research results of accelerated the aging of silicon rubber foam have been presented, primarily in three aspects including thermo-oxygen aging, radiation aging, and multi-field speed-up aging. Furthermore, the current research progress and latest developments in this field of study have been summarized.关键词：Silicon rubber foam;Multi-factor accelerated aging;Arrheniusaging model;Life prediction213|141|1更新时间：2025-02-28
REVIEW
- “科技媒体新闻记者报道：聚四氟乙烯微观结构变化研究取得新进展，揭示了其在变温及拉伸下的失效机制，为材料性能优化提供理论依据。”摘要：The analysis of microstructure deformation in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under heating or stretching conditions is essential to determine the failure mechanism. This study employed the synchrotron X-ray scattering technique to study microstructural deformation in PTFE under heating (25~300 °C), different strains at room temperature, and constant stress at variable temperatures (25~175 °C). The results indicate that the scattering the scattering intensity of PTFE increases with an increase in the temperature, and the imperfect crystals gradually melt. When PTFE was stretched under relatively lower strains at room temperature, its molecular chains tilted and lamellar crystals slid and rotated along the stretching direction. Moreover, when PTFE was stretched at constant stress and varying temperatures, its imperfect crystals gradually melted with an increase in the temperature and lamellar crystals were fractured by stress; the crystals were further fractured owing to the α-transition temperature caused by the movement of molecular chains in the amorphous regions.关键词：Polytetrafluoroethylene;Microstructure;Synchrotron radiation;Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS);Ultra small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS)212|208|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在印染领域，专家通过辐射接枝PDMA增强棉布与染料相互作用，大幅提高染料上染率，减少废水中残余有机物，实现绿色印染。”摘要：Traditional textile dyeing processes produce a large amount of wastewater due to the weak interaction and low reaction efficiency between dyes and textiles. In this work, polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PDMA) was successfully grafted onto the surface of cotton fabrics by radiation grafting, as proven by infrared spectral analysis. “Green” dyeing was realized via enhanced interactions between the cotton fabrics and dyes, increased dyeing rates, and reduced organic matter in the wastewater. The effects of the concentration of the monomer and absorbed dose on the grafting rate were systematically studied. A modified cotton fabric was dyed with three primary-color acid dyes (acid red 18, acid blue EA, and acid yellow 23), and the influence of the concentration of the dye on the dyeing rate was studied. The washing wastewater was analyzed. The results showed that the dye utilization was high and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater was lower than the direct emission limit of the national standard using this new method of dyeing. This method is expected to play a significant role in reducing pollution in the dyeing industry.关键词：Radiation grafting;Cotton coloration;Acid dye;Wastewater184|213|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在抗菌棉织物领域，研究者以DMPA为光引发剂，通过紫外光辐照引发VBDMH在棉织物表面接枝，制备出高效抗菌棉织物，为抗菌织物研究提供新方向。”摘要：The N-halamine precursor 3-(4'-vinylbenzyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (VBDMH) was grafted onto the cotton fabric via UV irradiation using benzoin dimethyl ether (DMPA) as photoinitiator. Subsequently, N-halamine antibacterial cotton fabric was obtained after sodium hypochlorite chlorination. The effects of VBDMH concentration, irradiation time, and irradiation distance on chlorine mass fraction of the grafted cotton fabric were investigated. The optimum finishing processing was obtained as follows: VBDMH concentration was 30 g/L, irradiation time and distance was 20 cm and 30 min, respectively. The antibacterial fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that VBDMH was successfully grafted onto the fabric. The antibacterial fabric could inactive 6.62 log of S. aureus and 6.55 log of E. coli within 10 min, and its antibacterial property can be regenerated.关键词：N-halamine;Ultraviolet grafting;Antibacterial properties;Cotton fabric;Grafting117|177|1更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在材料科学领域，研究人员通过离子注入和热处理在二氧化硅基体中合成了TiO2纳米结构，探究了其光催化性能。”摘要：TiO2 nanostructures are synthesized in SiO2 by single implantation of Ti ions and sequential implantation of Ti and Ag ions with subsequent annealing in N2 atmosphere. The surface morphology, structure, and optical and photocatalytic properties of the fabricated TiO2 nanostructures are investigated. The experimental results indicate that the synthesized nanostructures are attributable to TiO2 in the anatase phase as annealing temperature reaches 700 ℃. However, further increase in the annealing temperature leads to the transformation of anatase TiO2 into rutile TiO2. Compared with the samples implanted only with Ti ions, the additional implantation of Ag ions promotes thermal growth of the TiO2 nanostructures and reduces their initial formation temperature and optical band gap. Moreover, results of the photocatalytic experiments demonstrate that additional Ag ion implantation improves the photocatalytic activity of the fabricated TiO2 nanostructures. The possible mechanisms for improvement in photocatalytic activity due to the presence of additional Ag ions is discussed based on measurements of photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.关键词：Ion implantation;TiO2 nanostructures;Phase transformation;Photocatalytic activity79|51|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
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Effects of contact glow discharge plasma and seed treatment methodology on alfalfa seed germination AI导读
“接触辉光放电等离子体技术显著提升紫花苜蓿种子萌发率和生理活性，为种子处理提供新方法。”摘要：Effects of contact glow discharge plasma on the germination of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeds and treatment processing were investigated. Firstly, the influence of contact glow discharge plasma on the germination of Medicago sativa seeds was investigated under different times, voltages, and gas atmospheres. Then, on the basis of the single-factor experiment, the seed treatment process was optimized by response surface optimization design based on the indexes of seed germination rate and vigor index. The results showed that the germination rate of treated seeds reached 93%, the content of photosynthetic pigment and the intensity of photosynthesis in the leaves increased significantly, and the net photosynthetic rate increased by 98.4% under optimized conditions of 30 min, 540 V, and N2. All results indicate that contact glow discharge plasma can promote Alfalfa seed germination and growth, and improve seed physiological activity, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further research into new seed treatment technologies.关键词：Contact glow discharge plasma;Alfalfa;Seed germination;Photosynthesis126|172|0更新时间：2025-02-28 - “在提高枯草芽孢杆菌纤维素降解能力领域，研究人员筛选出一株纤维素降解率较高的菌株，通过离子束辐照诱变处理和发酵条件优化，最终得到一株纤维素降解率显著提高的突变株。”摘要：To improve the cellulose degradation ability of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), a strain with a higher cellulose degradation rate was selected from five B. subtilis strains as the starting strain in this experiment. By heavy ion irradiation mutagenesis treatment, we screened a high cellulose degradation rate strain, and optimized its fermentation conditions. The results showed that a B. subtilis CG-40-1 mutant strain cellulose degradation rate was （53.07±0.75）%, which was 17.75% higher than the starting strain and has good genetic stability. After the optimization experiment of fermentation conditions, the optimal fermentation time, culture temperature, and pH of this strain were 120 h, 45 ℃, and 6.5, respectively. And the cellulose degradation rate was (67.79±0.49)%, which was 27.74% higher than that without optimization.关键词：Bacillus subtilis;Heavy ion;Irradiation;Mutagenesis;Cellulose degradation rate;Optimization of fermentation process136|127|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “在医疗废弃物处理领域，专家验证了电子束辐照技术，为高效灭菌提供解决方案。”摘要：To study the effectiveness of electron-beam sterilization of medical waste, medical wastes were irradiated with different doses of an electron beam, and Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus atrophaeus were used as microbial indicators.Microbial counting was used to analyze the effects of the absorbed dose and medical waste material on the inactivation of microorganisms. The results showed that the absorbed dose was linearly correlated with the logarithm of the total number of viable microbial colonies; the D10 values of Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus atrophaeus were 2.45 kGy and 1.22 kGy,respectively.When the absorbed dose was 15 kGy, the killing logarithm of Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus atrophaeus on the medical waste simulants reached 6, thereby meeting the current technical requirements for the microwave and chemical disinfection of medical waste.关键词：Medical waste;Electron beam;Sterilization;D10 value115|238|0更新时间：2025-02-28
- “本研究结合探测技术和模拟计算，建立了电子束辐照加工产品的剂量分布预测方法，验证了其可靠性和实用性，提高了生产效率。”摘要：To quickly obtain dose distribution of products, the dose distribution prediction method of electron beam irradiated products was established by combining the X-ray detection technology and Monte Carlo calculation method.The Monte Carlo simulation was matched with the mass thickness value obtained by the X-ray mass thickness detection equipment to obtain the dose distribution of products. The method was verified by homogeneous material and actual products, and pilot applicability study was carried out in the electron beam irradiation center. The results show that for homogenous materials, the relative error between measurement mass value and the standard value was ＋2.66%, and the dose distribution results predicted were consistent with the actual measured dose distribution.For the actual products, the trend and distribution were basically consistent, which proved the reliability of the method.The pilot applicability study proved that the method has good guidance and practicality, and could improve the production efficiency of the electron beam irradiation processing center.关键词：Mass thickness;Electron beam radiation processing;Dose distribution;Detection technology107|356|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
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Effect of vegetation on electromagnetic exposure of 1 000 kV ultra high voltage AC transmission line AI导读
“在特高压交流输电线路电磁环境研究领域，专家通过仿真分析，验证了植被对降低人体电磁暴露程度的影响，为电磁环境评估提供了新思路。”摘要：The impact of vegetation on the electromagnetic environment of ultra high voltage AC transmission lines is a relatively important research content. The electromagnetic exposure of human body on 1 000 kV UHV AC transmission line with or without vegetation was compared. The finite-element multi-physics simulation analysis software COMSOL is used to simulate the magnetic induction intensity and induced electric field intensity with vegetation and no vegetation environment on human body under the line of MaoTou tower. The simulation results under the two environments were compared with the human electromagnetic exposure limit set by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). According to the measured data, the maximum magnetic induction intensity of human body under two specific environments with and without vegetation were 12.711 μT and 12.823 μT, respectively, which didn't change obviously. The maximum induced electric field intensity of human body in the presence of vegetation is 0.475 mV/m, which is 48.3% of that in the absence of vegetation. The calculated results were all below the limits of human electromagnetic exposure set by ICNIRP.关键词：Ultra-high voltage AC;Vegetation;Electromagnetic environment;Safety assessment157|166|0更新时间：2025-02-28 - “在核事故应急救援领域，专家建立了基于多属性决策的优化模型，为选择最佳救援方案提供解决方案。”摘要：An appropriate rescue plan can reduce the consequences and harm of a nuclear accident. Based on the combination of multi-attribute decision-making and cost-benefit analysis, alternative rescue schemes are ranked according to the rescue effect of a nuclear accident by the approximate ideal solution of multi-attribute decision-making theory. To reduce the cost of rescue and the radiation hazard of rescuers, the cost-benefit analysis method is used to select the optimal rescue plan. The model is applied to the actual nuclear accident rescue scheme selection, and the results show that the rescue scheme selected by the model based on multi-attribute decision-making not only has a better rescue effect but is also relatively low cost.关键词：Multi-attribute decision;Cost-benefit analysis;Nuclear accident emergency;Alternative ranking137|151|0更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION PROTECTION
- “在纺织领域，X射线计算机断层扫描成像技术取得新进展，为材料内部结构三维表征提供新方法。”摘要：Traditional optical imaging technique used as an analysis method for microstructure can only observe surface and can't achieve 3D characterization of the material interior, which greatly limits its application in textile field. In order to promote the application and development of 3D CT in textile field,a description of the test equipment, test methods, influencing factors of image quality of X-ray computed tomography (XCT) in textile application were introduced. Further, the applications of XCT technology in the characterization of internal structure of fabrics, aided modelling to predict fabric properties (heat transmitting, compressibility) and yarn research were reviewed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of XCT technology in textile applications were summarized, while the potential applications of XCT technology in future were prospected in view of lack of research in the textile field based on XCT.关键词：X-ray computed tomography (XCT);Structure characterization;Textile;Applications114|709|1更新时间：2025-02-28
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
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