最新刊期
卷 43 ， 期 3 ， 2025
- “有机-无机杂化铜基卤化物团簇闪烁体材料研究进展，为闪烁体应用前景提供新方向。”摘要：Organic-inorganic hybrid copper-based halide clusters, as a scintillating material, possess characteristics of low toxicity, excellent optical properties, and easy processing. This paper discusses and summarizes the effects of ligand and metal core structure regulation on the photoluminescence properties of copper-based halide cluster scintillators, the impact of introducing heavy atoms on the detection limits and spatial resolution of these scintillators, preparation methods for copper-based halide cluster scintillator films, and strategies for improving film stability. Finally, the paper explores the application prospects of scintillators based on organic-inorganic hybrid halide clusters关键词：Copper-based halide;Clusters;Scintillators;X-ray84|97|0更新时间：2025-06-20
REVIEW
- “本研究采用电子加速器辐照制备淀粉基吸水树脂，探究了树脂粒径、丙烯酸中和度、吸收剂量与吸水性能的关系，为电子束辐射法制备淀粉基吸水树脂提供理论和实践参考。”摘要：A water-absorbent resin was prepared using a corn starch/acrylic acid/N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide ternary blend system through radiation crosslinking with a 10 MeV electron accelerator. The structure and thermal stability of the resin were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The relationships between water or saline water absorbency of absorbent and its particle size, the neutralization degree of acrylic acid, and the absorbed doses were investigated. Additionally, the water absorption capability, water retention rate, and degradation rate of the resin in soil were determined. The results demonstrated that a starch-based crosslinked resin was successfully prepared through electron beam radiation polymerization, exhibiting excellent thermal stability and water absorption properties. When the neutralization degree of acrylic acid was 80% and the absorbed dose was 10 kGy, the water absorbency, saline water absorbency, and soil water absorbency of the resin with a particle size of 150‒180 μm were 204.4 g/g, 35.9 g/g, and 45.0 g/g, respectively. The water retention rate of soil with added absorbent resin reached 20.7% after one month, representing an improvement by a factor of 2.5 compared to pure water. The degradation rate of the water-absorbent resin can reached 67.2% after four months, indicating a low environmental impact. This study applied radiation processing technology to the design and development of natural polymer-based functional materials, providing theoretical and practical references for preparing starch-based water-absorbent resins using electron beam irradiation.关键词：Electron beam;Radiation crosslinking;Corn starch;Degradable water absorbent resin;Soil water retention rate70|30|0更新时间：2025-06-20
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
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Dosimetry optimization of hippocampus-avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy using a linear accelerator AI导读
“在放射治疗领域，研究者通过双弧容积旋转调强放射治疗技术，找到了海马体剂量最低的多叶准直器角度，为临床治疗计划提供参考。”摘要：In this study, we used the dual-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (dac-VMAT) technique to identify the most optimized multileaf collimator (MLC) angles that minimize the dose to the hippocampus and to analyze the underlying factors. Our findings provide a valuable reference for clinical treatment planning. Ten patients with brain metastases who had undergone whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) were included in this study. A dac-VMAT plan for HA-WBRT with different MLC angles was designed for these patients to minimize the dose to the hippocampus, while meeting the dosimetric limit for the PTV and other OARs. Parameters such as conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), dose to 2% of the PTV (D2%), dose to 98% of the PTV (D98%), monitor units (MUs), treatment time (TT), and doses to OARs, including the hippocampus, lens, eyeballs, optic nerves, and chiasm, were analyzed to assess the advantages and disadvantages of different MLC angles. The results showed that minimal differences were observed in PTV parameters across various MLC angles, and the MUs for the 60°and 300° angles were lower than those for other angles. The hippocampus dose at 60°/300° was significantly lower than that at other MLC angles; other OARs showed no significant differences. At 60°and 300° MLC angles, the long axis of the hippocampus was perpendicular to the direction of movement of the MLC blades, allowing for comprehensive shielding of the hippocampus. The MLC configuration led to a better PTV conformity, reduced leakage and scattered beams, fewer MUs, and less complicated treatment plans. Thus, the dual-arc symmetrical MLC VMAT has an optimal HA-WBRT angle of approximately 60° and 300° MLC.关键词：Linear accelerators;Radiation therapy;Hippocampus;Multi-leaf collimators;Dosimetry105|45|0更新时间：2025-06-20
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
- “据最新研究报道，电子束辐照显著提升橡胶草根粉末中菊糖含量及抗氧化活性，为橡胶草菊糖提取及综合利用提供理论参考。”摘要：To investigate the effects of irradiation on inulin extraction and the antioxidant activities of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin (TKS) roots in this study, high-energy electron-beam irradiation was performed to treat dried TKS root powder. Subsequently, its physical structure, the inulin content of its aqueous extracts, and its antioxidant activities at different absorbed doses (0 kGy, 10 kGy, 30 kGy, and 50 kGy) were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control group, the irradiation groups exhibited uneven distributions of surface tissue characterized by holes, cracks, and fragments; an increase in the absorption intensity of characteristic peaks in the infrared spectrum; and a decrease in the intensity of diffraction peaks in the X-ray diffraction spectrum. The inulin contents in the aqueous extracts of the irradiation groups increased significantly, with the most significant increase observed in the 30 kGy irradiation group, i.e., 19.27% higher than that of the control group. Following electron-beam irradiation, the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical-scavenging abilities as well as the ferric-reduction ability of the aqueous extracts enhanced significantly (p<0.05). At an assay concentration of 20 mg/mL, the DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging abilities and the ferric-reduction ability of the 50 kGy irradiation group increased by 89.12%, 9.13%, and 224.41%,respectively, compared with those of the control group. In summary, treatment with electron-beam irradiation significantly enhances the inulin content and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of dried TKS root powder at absorbed doses of 10‒50 kGy. This study provides a theoretical reference for the application of electron-beam irradiation for the efficient extraction and comprehensive utilization of inulin from TKS.关键词：Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin;Electron beam irradiation;Inulin;Extraction;Antioxidant activities78|82|0更新时间：2025-06-20
- “在食品安全领域，研究人员采用高能电子束辐照降解枸杞中农药残留，发现不同农药降解率有差异，含水率增加可提高降解效率。”摘要：To explore green and efficient methods for degrading pesticide residues in Chinese wolfberry, high-energy electron beam irradiation was applied to treat wolfberry samples contaminated with five pesticides: acetamiprid, imidachloprid, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran,and propargite. An ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method combined with QuEChERS was used to detect pesticide residues, while also investigating the effects of varying moisture contents on pesticide degradation. The results showed that, as the absorbed dose increased, the highest degradation rates of the five pesticides ranged from 12.9% to 41.3%. Acetamiprid achieved the highest degradation rate of 41.3% at 8 kGy. At the same absorbed dose, the degradation rate of acetamiprid increased with a decrease in its initial content in Chinese wolfberry. Imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, and carbofuran reached their peak degradation rates at 4 kGy, while acetamiprid's peak occurred at 10 kGy. When the absorbed dose was constant, acetamiprid degradation was positively correlated with the moisture content of Chinese wolfberry. In conclusion, high-energy electron beam irradiation effectively degraded pesticide residues in Chinese wolfberry, with degradation rates varying depending on the pesticide type. Furthermore, the degradation rate of acetamiprid significantly increased with higher moisture content in dried wolfberry.关键词：High energy electron beam;Irradiation;Chinese wolfberry;Pesticide residue;Moisture content47|157|0更新时间：2025-06-20
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Enhancing the biological activity of
Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus extract via 60Co-γ ray irradiation 封底论文 AI导读“最新研究发现，60Co γ射线辐照处理佛手提取液能提升多酚含量，增强保湿、抗氧化、美白及抗炎等护肤功效，具有广阔应用前景。”摘要：The extract of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was used as raw material and treated with 60Co-γ rays to enhance its polyphenols content. Its skin care effects, including moisturizing, skin irritation reduction, anti-oxidation, whitening, and anti-inflammatory properties, were evaluated. The results showed that the content of total polyphenols in the extract increased gradually with an increase in the adsorbed dose, and the scavenging efficiency of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals was positively correlated with the adsorbed dose. The extract of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus has a high moisturizing rate under the conditions of color-changing silica gel and 46% humidity, and it is better than that of glycerin and sodium hyaluronate. The results of skin irritation analysis showed that skin exhibited a fair and smooth state after the phenomenon of cuticle peeling at high concentrations, and there was no subsequent skin irritation at low concentrations. In terms of antioxidation, the total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging efficiency of the extracts were positively correlated with adsorbed dose in the range of 0-50 kGy irradiation. It showed a good inhibitory effect on the production of melanin and tyrosinase in B16-F10 cells stimulated by α-MSH. After treatment with 30 kGy, the production of melanin in B16-F10 cells decreased by 48.97% and the activity of intracellular tyrosinase decreased to 42.41%. Additionally, the extract showed a strong inhibitory effect on the production and expression of inflammatory factors in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. The inhibition rate of IL-1β was 13.67% due to 30 kGy irradiation. The inhibition rates of IL-6 and TNF-α by 40 kGy irradiation were 27.01% and 6.88%, respectively. The skin care effect and safety of the irradiated extract of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus were enhanced, making it highly suitable for practical applications.KEYEORDS Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus extract, Irradiation, Moisturizing, Irritating, Whitening, Anti-inflammatory46|50|0更新时间：2025-06-20 -
Ettect of γ-ray irradiation on degradation characteristics of synthetic coal chemical wastewater AI导读
“最新研究显示，电离辐照技术结合过氧化氢催化氧化能有效提升煤化工废水的可生化性，为净化废水提供新途径。”摘要：Coal chemical wastewater contains a large number of difficult-to-degrade organic matter, including phenols and highly toxic substances, which pose a serious threat to the environment. Therefore, the use of economical and reasonable means of treatment to purify coal chemical wastewater has been a hot research direction for resource recycling. Four common organic substances in coal chemical wastewater, namely, phenol, p-cresol, hydroquinone, and quinoline were selected to simulate coal chemical wastewater. To study the effect of irradiation technology on the theoretical biochemistry of wastewater samples, these were treated by ionizing irradiation technology and catalytic oxidation using hydrogen peroxide; this was combined by the study of the physicochemical properties of the samples before and after treatment, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5). The effect of irradiation technology on the theoretical biochemistry of wastewater samples was investigated. The results showed that γ irradiation generated highly active free radicals through the irradiation of water, and the free radicals in turn generated inorganic carbon sources or microbially available organic matter by interacting with the non-degradable organic matter in the wastewater, improving the mineralization and biochemistry of coal chemical wastewater. The BOD5/COD (B/C) value of the non-degradable organic wastewater with an initial concentration of 80 mg/L increased from 0.044 to a maximum of 0.310, which was within the range of biodegradation. The addition of H2O2 with the same concentration could increase the B/C value to a maximum of 0.466, improving the biodegradability of the non-degradable material. The response surface parameter optimization experiments were conducted by monitoring the H2O2 concentration, pH, and absorbed dose as three factors. The results showed that the error between model predictions and actual measured results was no more than 5%. The optimal γ irradiation treatment conditions that improved the biochemistry of wastewater were obtained experimentally by setting H2O2 concentration to 21.9 mmol/L, pH to 7.4, and absorbed dose to 19.6 kGy.关键词：Ionizing irradiation;Biodegradability;H2O2;Response surface analysis44|31|0更新时间：2025-06-20 - “高能电子束辐照能有效杀灭甘草饮片微生物，不影响其理化性质和抗氧化活性，为甘草饮片灭菌和贮藏提供新方法。”摘要：This study systematically evaluated the impact of varying dosages of high-energy electron beam irradiation on both the microbial quantity and physicochemical properties of the herb Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The results showed that irradiation within the range of 4-10 kGy effectively eradicated the total counts of aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts present in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Additionally, it was ascertained that the irradiation did not exert a significant influence on the moisture content, alcohol-soluble extract, and total flavonoid content of the said herb. Post-irradiation, the L* value, which is an indicator of the color transformation of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, gradually decreased, whereas the a* and b* values showed conspicuous augmentation. However, no substantial alterations were detected in the overall color difference. When exposed to irradiation doses ranging from 2 kGy to 10 kGy, the contents of isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, and licorice chalcone A in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma remained relatively unaltered; and irradiation at 8 kGy and 10 kGy markedly augmented the contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. The similarity of the fingerprint spectra of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma at different irradiation dosages all exceeded 0.98, and the antioxidant activity was retained at a relatively elevated level. In conclusion, high-energy electron beam irradiation can be utilized for the sterilization and storage of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, but the irradiation dosage should be precisely controlled to prevent any potential quality modifications.关键词：Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;Electron beam irradiation;Microorganism;Active ingredient;Fingerprint56|32|0更新时间：2025-06-20
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Effect of cold atmospheric plasma on the preservation and storage quality of fresh Goji berries AI导读
“最新研究发现，低温大气压等离子体技术能有效延长枸杞鲜果保鲜期，提高品质。”摘要：The shelf life of fresh Goji berries is considerably short―only 1‒2 d at 20‒25 °C and 3‒5 d under refrigeration at 4 °C. The preservation effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on fruits has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers. Addressing the post-harvest decay and deterioration, this study focuses on fresh Goji berries. First, the effects of CAP-generation conditions―including treatment time, gas flow, and power―on the preservation of Goji berries were investigated, and the optimal treatment conditions were identified. Second, the effect of CAP on the physiological and biochemical quality of Goji berries during storage was studied, including total phenolics, flavonoids, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, Goji polysaccharides, and carotenoids. Storage quality indicators based on malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and superoxide anion (O2·-) contents were also examined. The results showed that under optimal preservation conditions―a treatment time of 150 s, gas flow of 20 nL/min, and power of 331 W―CAP reduced the decay rate of Goji berries stored for 7 d from 66% to 28.6%, delayed quality loss to 13.38%, and inhibited the respiration rate to 52.55 ng/(kg·s). This effectively alleviate the loss of nutrients (such as total phenols, total flavonoids, TSS, TA, Goji berries polysaccharides, carotenoids.) in fresh Goji berries. Simultaneously, the CAP treatment yielded lower levels of MDA (16.10 mmol/g), H2O2 (3.10 mmol/g), and O2·- (3.63 U/g) in fresh Goji berries. Therefore, CAP has promising appli-cation prospects for extending the shelf life of fresh Goji berries and improving their quality.关键词：Low temperature plasma;Fresh Goji berries;Preservation;Storage quality18|14|0更新时间：2025-06-20 - “在农业病害防治领域，科研团队探究了大气压等离子射流对尖孢镰刀菌的高效灭活机制，为作物病害防控提供新思路。”摘要：Fusarium oxysporum（F. oxysporum）is a pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt, root rot, and stem rot in many crops. In this study, the bactericidal effects and mechanism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) on F. oxysporum were studied. Firstly, the effects of processing time, power, and jet distance on the sterilization efficiency were investigated, and the optimal sterilization process and conditions were determined. Secondly, the bactericidal mechanism of APPJ on F. oxysporum was studied by analyzing the effects of APPJ on the electrochemical properties and active substance content in spore suspension and the effects of APPJ on the mycelial growth, spore morphology and cell membrane integrity of F. oxysporum. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the inactivation of F. oxysporum by APPJ were as follows: power 350 W, treatment time 180 s, jet distance 10.4 cm, the sterilization rate reached a maximum of 99.75%. After APPJ treatment, the colony diameter, mycelial biomass and ergosterol concentration decreased, while the relative conductivity, protein and nucleic acid leakage, propidium iodide (PI) staining intensity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of F. oxysporum increased. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the surface of F. oxysporum spores, the cell wall membrane, and the interior were wrinkled, destroyed, and vacuolated by APPJ treatment, respectively. Therefore, we concluded that the inactivation of F. oxysporum by APPJ is due to the damaging of the morphology, membrane integrity, and internal structure of spores induced by APPJ.关键词：Atmospheric pressure plasma jet;F. oxysporum;Bactericidal mechanism38|45|0更新时间：2025-06-20
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- “在核电厂地下水总β放射性测量领域，专家全面评估了测量不确定度，为提高测量准确性提供解决方案。”摘要：In this study, a comprehensive assessment of the uncertainty in the measurement of gross beta activity in the groundwater of a nuclear power plant was performed. Through a detailed analysis of the main steps in the determination process, the sources of uncertainty affecting the measurement results were identified and quantified, and the combined and expanded uncertainties were calculated. The results showed that the main factors affecting the determination of gross beta activity concentration in groundwater by the thick source method include sampling, sample recovery rate, correction factor of α-ray cross-talk in the β channel, specific activity of the reference material, and sample counting rate, collectively accounting for approximately 80.6%. The contributions of the specific activity of the reference material, the sample counting rate, and the spreading uniformity of the sample were approximately 35.4%. The effects of the sample size, residue quality, and data rounding were relatively small. The uncertainty introduced by sampling, which accounted for 13.5%, should not be underestimated.关键词：Nuclear power plant;Gross beta activity;Uncertainty evaluation;Sampling;GUM method90|61|0更新时间：2025-06-20
RADIATION DOSIMETRY
- “在环境监测领域，专家采用液闪计数区域优化法，快速准确分析水体中14C活度浓度，探测下限1.8 Bq/L，为核药厂环境监测提供解决方案。”摘要：In order to quickly screen for the presence of 14C in target water body and provide quantitative measurement results, a rapid and accurate analysis of 14C activity concentration in samples was achieved by optimizing the counting region of the liquid scintillation spectrum and improving counting efficiency with an internal calibration method under quenching effects, resulting in a lower detection limit of 1.8 Bq/L. This method was then applied to determine the 14C activity concentration in the samples from the deday pool of a nuclear medicine factory and the surrounding environmental water. The results showed that the activity concentrations of the three samples were below the lower detection limit, whereas those of the others were within 38‒1 332 Bq/L. The accuracy of this direct analysis method was verified by using self-prepared samples with known activity concentrations, which showed a maximum deviation of 1.1% from the reference values.关键词：14C;Counting region optimization;Internal calibration42|19|0更新时间：2025-06-20
RADIATION PROTECTION
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