This paper investigated the effect of Sirt1 on inflammatory factor IL-1β produced in irradiated m esenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and explored the role of Sirt1 in radiation protection. shRNA silenced Sirt1 gene transcription in MSCs, and the intracellular Sirt1mRNA expression were detected to confirm the gene silencing, MSCs were treated with 200 μmol•L−1 resveratrol before irradiation, and the expression of IL-1β was detected by ELISA, western blotting and real time PCR after irradiation. The results show that the levels of IL-1β secretion increase compared with those of the resveratrol group (t=18.57, p<0.05). And meanwhile, the intracellular expression of IL-1β protein and mRNA of RNAi, combined with resveratrol group, increase significantly compared with those of the resveratrol group (t=8.078, p<0.05). Sirt1 gene silence can obviously inhibit the radiation protective effect of resveratrol, which suggests that Sirt1 may play a key role in the process of inflammation induced by irradiation.Cited