Hydrogen peroxide bleaching processes of wheat straw pulp by microwave radiation in water bath were investigated. The effects of microwave power, process time, H,2,O,2, dosage and NaOH dosage on the quality of the bleached pulp were investigated. And the experiment conditions were optimized by using the method of orthogonal test. The form of the pulp fiber was measured by fiber analysis. The best process conditions for hydrogen peroxide bleaching process of paper pulp by microwave radiation could be made in condition such as microwave power was 240 W, process time was 2.5 min, H,2,O,2, dosage was 5% and NaOH dosage was 4.5%. In optimal process, the whiteness of paper pulp could reach about 59%ISO. The fiber analysis indicated that the form of the pulp fiber did not vary from that before reaction. The results showed that microwave radiation in stead of water bath was good for H,2,O,2, bleaching process of paper pulp.