In view of the problem of high viscosity and difficult dehydration of the heavy oil, a heavy oil demulsification dehydration experiment research was utilized to analyze the influence of the radiation power and radiation time of microwave on the dehydration rate of heavy oil, and compare the dehydration effect of microwave dehydration technology and water bath heating dehydration technology. The results show that microwave radiation can make the temperature of the sample rise quickly for reducing viscosity. Comparing microwave dehydration technology with water bath heating dehydration technology, the dehydration effect and speed has been improved more significantly. The higher microwave power, the better the dehydration effect is, but it has less effect on the dehydration rate when microwave power is higher than 450 W. Sample viscosity dehydration effect have been proved better by 2 min radiation. The heavy component of sample reduced and light component content increased after microwave radiation, and then the viscosity of sample has irreversible changes. It is shown that microwave technology has a better application prospect in the field of reducing viscosity and dehydration of heavy oil.Cited