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- 摘要：To investigate the regulatory role of light quality in the medicinal quality formation of Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis), seedlings of S. baicalensis were subjected to four light treatments: control, ultraviolet-B (UV-B), far-red light (FR), and a combination of UV-B and FR (UV-B+FR). Growth indices, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant activity, and flavonoid content in the roots were measured after 10 and 30 days of treatment. The results showed that after 30 days of treatment, UV-B irradiation significantly inhibited the biomass accumulation in both leaves and roots but promoted the synthesis of secondary metabolites, with total flavonoid content increased by 6.57% compared with the control. FR treatment promoted both biomass and total flavonoid accumulation, increasing root dry weight by 40.90% and raising total flavonoid content by 3.93% relative to the control. The combined UV-B+FR treatment exhibited a synergistic effect: on one hand, it alleviated UV-B-induced stress damage, increasing root dry weight by 45.13% compared with UV-B alone; on the other hand, it significantly enhanced the synthesis of flavonoids, with baicalin and wogonoside contents increaseing by 4.30% and 13.85%, respectively, relative to the control. At 10 days of treatment, UV-B and FR significantly affected antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; after 30 days, S. baicalensis showed adaptive recovery with increased chlorophyll content. In conclusion, the combined UV-B and FR treatment regulates the growth and development of S. baicalensis seedlings and promotes the accumulation of medicinal components. These findings provide a theoretical basis for manipulating the light environment in the artificial cultivation of medicinal plants.关键词：Scutellaria baicalensis;Ultraviolet B (UV-B);Far-red light (FR);Growth;Flavonoids11|14|0更新时间：2026-06-22
- 摘要：Radiation mutagenesis serves as a key technological approach for genetic improvement in microorganisms, playing a vital role in microbial breeding. This paper systematically reviews current microbial radiation mutagenesis techniques, including ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, α-particles, β-rays, γ-rays, heavy ion beams, proton beams, neutron beams, atmospheric-pressure room-temperature plasma, and space breeding. It analyzes the energy characteristics and mutagenic efficiency of different radiation types. Radiation mutagenesis harnesses the energy of radiation to penetrate cells and directly or indirectly cause DNA damage in microorganisms. During the repair of these random lesions, cells introduce base errors, insertions, deletions, or rearrangements, thereby generating gene mutations. Radiation not only triggers DNA damage repair responses but also impacts cellular physiology and metabolic pathways. Radiation mutagenesis has been applied across agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental protection, providing crucial support for selecting superior microbial strains. Future microbial radiation mutagenesis breeding should focus on rational design, intelligent screening, directed domestication, and multiple mutagenesis approaches. By integrating synthetic biology and artificial intelligence, it can drive microbial strain improvement to play a more central role in innovation.关键词：Ionizing radiation;Microbial breeding;Molecular mechanisms;Response mechanisms;Industrial applications19|25|0更新时间：2026-06-11
- 摘要：This study employs X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy to investigate the chemical morphology and phase structure of the oxide film formed on a Zr-Sn-Nb alloy surface under the coupled effect of low neutron fluence (4.8×1018 cm-2) irradiation and in-reactor water chemistry corrosion. The results show that, in addition to the stable monoclinic ZrO2, suboxides (ZrOₓ) and hydroxyl groups (-OH) are detected on the oxide film surface at etching depths of 0 μm (surface), 0.2 μm, and 0.7 μm, indicating that the irradiation-corrosion coupling effect significantly broadens the spatial distribution range of suboxides. Raman spectroscopy further confirms the irradiation-induced introduction of high concentrations of oxygen vacancies and Zr³⁺. These findings demonstrate that the coupled effect of low neutron fluence irradiation and water chemistry corrosion significantly modulates the microstructural defect characteristics of the zirconium alloy oxide film, providing important experimental evidence for understanding the evolution mechanism of the oxide film during the initial in-reactor service period of zirconium alloys.关键词：Zirconium alloy;In-reactor irradiation-corrosion coupling;Oxide film;Chemical morphology19|36|0更新时间：2026-06-10
- 摘要：This study used seeds of Lycium barbarum L. 'Ningqi-10', a major cultivated goji variety, as experimental material. Irradiation treatment was conducted using X-rays generated by an electron accelerator at absorbed doses of 0 Gy, 80 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy, and 220 Gy. The effects of different irradiation treatment doses on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics were investigated, and the optimal mutagenic dose was preliminarily determined, thereby establishing a foundation for subsequent screening of M₂ generation mutants. During germination, the 80 Gy treatment promoted germination; doses of 100-200 Gy induced a dynamic response pattern characterized by “initial inhibition followed by recovery”; and the highest dose (220 Gy) resulted in sustained and significant inhibition. During seedling growth, the inhibitory effect on plant height increased with dose, basal stem diameter was significantly reduced within the 150-220 Gy range, and both leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll contents were significantly decreased across all mutagenic doses. Notably, the 80 Gy treatment led to significant increases in leaf width, leaf area, and leaf roundness, indicating potential for positive morphological variation. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of seed germination, seedling growth vigor, and leaf morphological variation, 80 Gy was identified as the optimal mutagenic dose for this variety. Linear regression analysis estimated the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) to be approximately 858 Gy, revealing the exceptionally high radiation tolerance of ‘Ningqi No. 10’. This study established the first dose-response relationship for X-ray irradiation generated by an electron accelerator in this variety, defining its LD₅₀ as approximately 858 Gy and its optimal mutagenic dose as 80 Gy, thereby elucidating its dual characteristics of high tolerance and beneficial low-dose effects, and constructing a variety-specific radiation response pattern. These findings provide critical technical parameters and a scientific basis for mutation breeding and molecular genetic improvement of Lycium barbarum.关键词：Electron accelerator;Lycium barbarum;Ningqi No. 10;Seed;Growth characteristics21|38|0更新时间：2026-06-02
- 摘要：To elucidate the structure-performance relationship between pore structure and radon adsorption in porous materials, the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method was adopted in this study to construct models of 4-20 Å （1 Å=10-10 m) graphite slit pores, irregular pore channels, and oxygen-containing group-modified pore channels to simulate the adsorption behavior of radon. A series of molecular sieves (3A, 4A, 5A, ZSM-5, and 13X) were selected for dynamic radon adsorption experiments to validate the simulation results. GCMC simulations revealed that narrow micropores of 5-6 Å exhibited the highest adsorption capacities (8.32 mmol/g and 7.86 mmol/g, respectively) due to strong pore confinement effects. Irregular pore channels within the effective micropore range can still achieve efficient radon adsorption, while restricted pore channels and open transmission channels show degraded performance due to hindered pore accessibility and insufficient confinement effect, respectively. In addition, oxygen-containing functional groups (hydroxyl groups) can enhance radon adsorption through polar induction effect, but the material performance is deteriorated by competitive adsorption of H2O molecules in actual humid environments. Experimental results confirmed that 3A and 4A molecular sieves with pore sizes smaller than the kinetic diameter of radon (4.17 Å) showed only surface adsorption with extremely low adsorption coefficients (0.1-0.12 L/g), whereas 5A and ZSM-5 molecular sieves with matching pore sizes demonstrated significantly enhanced adsorption coefficients of 0.37-0.48 L/g. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between radon adsorption coefficient and effective micropore volume in the 5-6 Å range, while only a weak correlation was observed with specific surface area. This study identifies 5-6 Å as the critical pore size for radon adsorption in porous materials and demonstrates that increasing the effective micropore volume enhances radon adsorption capacity, providing theoretical guidance for the optimization of pore structure design in high-performance radon adsorbents.关键词：Radon adsorption;Porous materials;Critical pore size;Grand canonical Monte Carlo21|49|0更新时间：2026-05-18
- 摘要：To assess the current status of radioactivity levels in centralized drinking water sources across Shanxi Province and to identify the primary contributors of gross alpha radioactivity in drinking water,this study determined the activity concentrations of gross alpha and gross beta in drinking water samples from 11 cities across the province using the thick source method. Uranium concentration was measured via laser-induced fluorescence, and the activity concentration of radium-226(226Ra) was quantified using the emanation method. The results indicate that: The radioactivity concentration of gross α （detected value）ranged from less than 0.058 Bq/L to 0.284 Bq/L, and the activity concentration of total beta radioactivity ranged from 0.071 Bq/L to 0.209 Bq/L. Both were lower than the limits specified in Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749—2022), indicating no radioactive contamination in centralized drinking water across Shanxi Province. Uranium concentrations varied between 0.37 μg/L and 18.05 μg/L, and 226Ra activity concentrations （detected value）ranged from 1.74 mBq/L to 16.7 mBq/L, which is consistent with the results of the national survey on environmental natural radioactive levels. Notably, the dominant sources of gross α radioactivity in groundwater differ significantly among cities. In Yangquan City, the gross α radioactivity in groundwater is mainly derived from 226Ra; in Xinzhou City, uranium isotopes is the predominant contributor; whereas in Jinzhong and Lüliang Cities, gross α radioactivity arises from the combined contributions of both 226Ra and uranium isotopes.关键词：Drinking water;Gross alpha activity;Gross beta activity;Uranium;226Ra53|207|0更新时间：2026-04-07
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