66 papers about research work on radioprotectors published mainly in 1983—1984 are reviewed. They include sulfur-containing compounds, heterocyclic compounds, amines, antioxidants, hydroxyl compounds and sugars, sex hormones, antibiotics and vitamins, biological and biochemical preparations, products of microorganisms and immunomodulating drugs, plant preparations, metals and their complex, etc. Researches on mechanisms of protective effects of radioprotectors are reviewed also. Impressions can be derived from the survey that researches on radioprotectors have made much progress recently. It includes the understanding of mechanisms of the action of radioprotectors, application of radioprotectors to clinical practice, and the extensive investigation on new protective substances. However, new effective compounds and preparations primarily tested should be chosen and studied further to illustrate the possibility of applying them in clinical practice.