Human-hamster hybrid cells (A,L, cells) were used for observing survival bystander effect induced by alpha-particle irradiation through both models: inserting a grid between the radiation source and the sample to irradiate 15% of the cells, and using the medium of the irradiated cells to culture the unirradiated cells. Free radical scavenger DMSO and intercellular communication inhibitor lindane were selected to investigate the potential mechanism of alpha-particle irradiation-induced bystander effect. Results show that the survival fraction of unirradiated cells shielded by the grid or cultured with the medium of the irradiated cells were much lower than expected or normal level. However, DMSO and lindane could obviously increase cell survival fraction. These indicate that alpha-particle irradiation could induce bystander effect, and reactive oxygen species, and intercellular communication might play an important role in the process.