最新刊期
      期 1 ， 1994
      • Fang Xingwang,Wu Jilan,Wei Genshuan
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 1-6(1994)
        摘要：The reaction rate of metallothionein (MT) with hydroxyl radical was determined to be ca. 1012mol-1•L•s-1 by studying the kinetic competition of MT with ferrocyanide for OH which was generated in situ by irradiation. Radioprotective effect of MT on thymine was studied in N2O-saturated phosphate buffer solutions at pH 7.0. Both isoforms of rabbit MT can protect thymine against radiation damage effectively, and their effectiveness is in the order of ZnMT-1 > ZnMT-2>(Cd,Zn) MT-1 >(Cd,Zn)MT-2. However,the dose reducing factor was less than expected, which was possibly due to the secondary reactions of RS with thymine or T(OH) radicals with MT. Radiation effect on thymine in O2-saturated 0.1 mol•L-1 HCOONa Solution was also studied, and the results showed that O2- and H2O2 didn't cause direct damage to thymine.  
        关键词：Metallothionein;Thymine;Radioprotection;Kinetic analysis   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Ji Shouping,Zhang Yangpei
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 7-10(1994)
        摘要：CHO-K1 and HeLa MR cells were irradiated with 60Co γ-ray, the mutagenesis of one nonessential gene (hprt) and an essential gene (Na+/K+ ATPase gene) have been observed. Enzyme assay confirmed the results of mutation induction. At hprt locus, γ-irradiation increased the mutation frequency of both cell lines and there was a linear relationship between mutation frequency and exposure dose. The mutagenecity of CHO-K1 was higher than that of HeLa MR cells. The results indicated that hprt gene was more susceptible to mutagenesis in hamster cells than that in human cells induced by γ-ray. No induced mutation was found in both CHO-K1 and HeLa MR cells at Na+/K+ ATP ase gene locus.  
        关键词：γ-radiation;Mammalian cell;Gene mutation;Cellular radiation effects;Enzyme   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Ding Zhongli,Pu Hongting,Ye Hong,Ma Zueteh,Allan S. Hoffman
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 11-17(1994)
        摘要：N-isopropylacrylamide （NIPAAm）was grafted onto ethyl-vinyl acetate（EVA） copolymer by means of preirradiation grafting. The factors which affect the grafting reaction were studied. The common characteristics of the preirradiation grafting reaction in liquid monomer-solid trunk polymer system are observed in this system. The surface of EVA grafted with NIPAAm shows thermo-sensitivity similar to a poly-NIPAAm gel. The response to the change of temperature through the lower critical solution temperature （LCST） of the graft is more swift than that of the gel. The LCST of the grafted surface shifts to higher and the drop of swelling around the LCST diminishes with increasing hydrophilicity of the graft when co-grafting NIPAAm with acrylic acid （AA） or acrylamide （AAm）.  
        关键词：N-isopropylacrylamide;Thermo-sensitive;Hydrogel;Radiation;Radiation grafting   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Xie Xishun,Huang Xiaoqin
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 18-21(1994)
        摘要：Basing on the theoretical explanation of irradiated conduction, effect a model to deal with the effect in polymer electret films is established The analytical solutions of relayed and steady induced conduction are presented and discussed in this paper.  
        关键词：Electret;Irradiation;Induced conduction;Mathematical analysis;Excitation;Recombination;Trapping   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Zhao Xin,Fu Riqiang,Du Youru,Wang Tiandiao,Ye Chaohui
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 22-25,29(1994)
        摘要：The γ-irradiation stability of polycrystalline DL-Threonine (Thr)was studied by ESR, 13C CPMAS spectra and X-ray diffraction methosd. The 13C chemical shifts and X-ray diffraction data have no changes up to 100 kGy dose. This shows that Thr is stable within 100 kGy dose. The intensity of ESR spectra is increased, and the linewidth of 13C resonances is broadened with the increasing radiation dose.  
        关键词：DL-Threonine;Irradiation effect;ESR;NMR spectrometry;X-ray diffraction   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Du Zeji,Su Liaoyuan,Sun Guoqi
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 26-29(1994)
        摘要：DMSO and Vit E are scavergers of free radicals, they can supress or stop reactions of peroxidation. In this study, the fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to determine MDA levels in serum of irradiated mice, The results indicated that both DMSO and Vit E could reduce MDA levels, their suitable doses were 10 mg/g body weight and 0.25 mg/g body weight respectively. The effect of DMSO was better than that of Vit E. The best effect took place when they were used combinatively.  
        关键词：Irradiation;Dimethylsulphoxide;Vit E;Lipid peroxidation   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Zhu Shoupeng,Xia Fen,Yang Weidong
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 30-33,39(1994)
        摘要：In this paper the whole body transference and retention dynamics of 134Cs by whole body counter were well described by a two-exponential function, that is: R(t)=18.04 e-9.3157t+45.13 e-0.0473t. There are two retention components, fast and slow. The effective and biological T1/2 were 0.07 and 16.38 days respectively. Results indicated that after i. v. injection radionuclides 134Cs through 7 weeks observation, the retention data in skeleton could be fit well by an exponential expression: R(t)=0.0029 e-0.121t. Where the retention T1/2 was only 5.73 d. While the retention data of 134Cs in testes also could be well described by an exponential equation: R(t)=0.0047 e-0.133t. Where the retention T1/2 was also only 5.21 d. As a whole, the study showed that the dynamic retention of radioactivities of 134Cs in the whole body, skeleton and testes fall rapidly with the prolongation of observing time. So that the absorption dose in the whole body, skeleton and testes rose slowly.  
        关键词：Fission fragment 134Cs;Skeleton;Testes;Retention;Dose-estimation   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Bai Yongli,Chen Deqing
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 34-39(1994)
        摘要：A chromosomal adaptive response to 60Co γ-rays in human lymphocytes was observed with pretreated doses ranged from 1.0 to 20 cGy, with 1.0 cGy gave optimal reduction in chromatid breaks. A 0.5 cGy dose which in itself did not induce an adaptive response, did so when given twice within the same cell cycle, and the magnitude of accumulative effect is the strongest when there was an interval of 6 h between the two adaptive doses and between the second adaptive dose and a challenge dose. Reductions equivalent in effect to a single 1.0 cGy dose were seen when a 0.5 cGy dose was given twice. Delivering two 1.0 cGy doses had no greater effect than did a single dose of 1.0 cGy.  
        关键词：Adaptive response;Chromatid breaks;Adaptive dose(s);Human lymphocytes;γ-radiation   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Yu Hongchen,Ling Ling,Li Yiong,Zhang Yingji,Meng Hongqi,Wang Yueyü,Zhang Hongmei,Liu Ji
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 40-43(1994)
        摘要：The paper reported that C57 BL/6 mice after exposure to 8Gy γ-rays irradiation were divided into three groups: (1) the control group (8 Gy only),(2) the group with bone marrow cell (BMC) injection only,(3) the group with mixed injection of BMC and splenic stromal cell (SSC) which cultured in order to observe the effect of bone marrow transplantation and injection of SSC on the survival rate of recipients and on the number of hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) after large dose irradiation and study its mechanism. The results of experiments suggested that the survival rate of recipients of the group with BM cells injection only was 27% higher than that of the control group, but that of the group with SSC mixed injection was 49% higher than that of the control group and 22% higher than that of the group with BMC injection only. The CFU-S shows that mixed SSC injection improve the number of CFU-S,CFU-F and ANAE[+][-] lymphocyte in spleen significantly. The cocultivation of spleenocytes and SSC in vitro showed the spleen stromal cells surport and regulate their parenchyma cells.  
        关键词：Spleen stromal cells;Large dose irradiation;Bone marrow transplantation;Survival rate   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Hua Fenmei,Xi Yufang,Bian Qijun,Qian Dongmei
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 44-46,51(1994)
        摘要：Irradiation with doses of 0.02—0.3 kGy of γ-rays could cause varied damages to the cellular and subcellular structures of the shoot apical meristems in garic. The irradiated cells were elongated and cell walls were thickened. The highest radio-sensitivity was found in the- vacuoles which developed morphological abnormality before the end of dormany, while the nucleis and nucleoli, which remained intact even after the cell walls were broken, demonstrated the highest resistance to irradiation. The observed morphological damages were of higher magnitude in sprouting period than that in dormancy in which irradiation treatments were conducted, suggesting that metabolism plays an important role in the development of initial irradiation lesions into structural damages in the cells.  
        关键词：Irradiation;Garlic;Ultrastructure   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Xie Huaijiang,Song Juzhong,Peng Tao
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 47-51(1994)
        摘要：This paper reported results which the anticancer drugs Ara-C with controlled slow release were made by radiation-induced polymerization of monomers such as methacrylates at room temperature. Studies showed that not only hydrophilic synthetic polymers but also hydrophobic polymers such as hydrophobic methacrylates(including MMA, EMA, and BMA) could be used to the immobilization. The hydrophobic monomer added in the hydrophilic matrix could retard the release of drug in vitro. The order is MMA<EMA<BMA. On MMA-HEMA copolymer, the release rate of Ara-C was decreased with the increasing of MMA content in the matrix. The quantities of drug release will be increased with the content of water and drug in the matrix and be decreased with the increasing of crosslinking agent, irradiation dose and dose rates. It shows that the property of drug was not changed with irradiation doses less than 20 kGy.The effect of the volume of PBS on the quantities of drug release was observed. The quantities of drug release will be decreased with the increasing of volume of elution medium, but the total quantities of release are not changed.  
        关键词：Anticarinogen;Drug delayed release;Cytarabine;Radiation polymerization;Methacrylates   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Wang Tao,Wang Hongyun,Cao Xia
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 52-54(1994)
        摘要：Recovery capability of murine bone marrow progenitor cells after whole body irradiation with sublethal dose γ-ray was observed using the method of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit (CFU-GM) determination in vitro. The results indicated that normal numbers of CFU-GM and nucleated cells in bone marrow per femur were 4.89×104 and 2.4×107 respectively.The third day after irradiation both values described as above decreased to 0.8% and 4% of the normal respectively. The number of cells began to increase after the 5 th day.The numbers of nucleated cells in bone marrow and counts of WBC in peripheral blood changed in correspondence with the changes of numbers of CFU-GM.  
        关键词：Granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit (CFU-GM);Proliferation;Differentiation;Haemopoietic progenitor cells;γ-radiation;Biological radiation effects   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Liu Libo,Jin Yuke
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 55-58(1994)
        摘要：Radioprotective effcts of pre-treated GS on germ cells in mice were observed in this study. The results were shown as follows: (1) Various concentrations of GS (12.5—200 mg/kg) have obvious protective effects on primary spermatocyte chromosome aberrations induced by 3.0 Gy X-ray,the most effectively protective dose being 50 mg/kg. (2) 50 mg/kg GS has protective effect on chromosome translocations in spermatogonial stemcells exposed to various X-rays doses (1.0—9.0 Gy). (3) GS may prevent reduction of sperms as well as decrease markedly UDS induced by X-rays. According to the experimental results, it was preliminaryly suggested that the preventive mechanism of GS might be associated with anti-free redical effect of ginsen, thereby reducing DNA or chromosome damage, but it was still required further study.  
        关键词：Ginsengside;Primary spermatocytes;Spermatogonial stem cells;Chromosome aberrations;Unscheduled DNA synthsis   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Du Zeji,Su Liaoyuan
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 59-60(1994)
        摘要：Since the new concept of "Radiation Hormesis" was put forward, much work has been done in this area in the world. In 1977, our staffs found that 0.1 Gy γ-ray irradiation could enhance 3H-TdR incorporation in lymphocytes. Other authors also observed the increasing reactivity of lymphocytes to PHA in the residents of high radiation background area. In the study, three kinds of monoclonal antibody were used to separate subsets of lymphocyte, and then the founctional changes of the separated subsets after low dose irradiation (LDI) were studied. This kind of researching paper has not been seen in publications in the world.McAb CD4、CD8 and B were used to obtain CD4+、CD8+ and B cells respectively with "Panning" method, the cells were irradiated with X-ray machine (200 kV, 10 mA) for 0, 0.02, 0.05,0.1,0.2,0.5 Gy. 3H-TdR incorporation was used to reflect functional changes of subsets after LDI. The results (in the table) indicated that ① three kinds of subsets could be stimulated by LDI (within 0.2 Gy). The peak effect for CD4+ and B cells was induced by 0.1 Gy irradiation: for CD8+ cell, the peak effect dose was 0.05 Gy; ② between 0.02 Gy and 0.2 Gy, for same dose, the stimulating effect of CD4+ was higher than that of CD8+.This result has an important significance in demonstrating the immune mechanism of radiation hormesis. The past viewpoint suggested that immune hormesis was caused by the damage of radiosensitive T cell (Ts) after LDI. Recently, some authors proved that no change of the ratio of Ts to TH existed after LDI. In our study, we found the values of 3H-TdR incorporation in CD4+ was bigger than that in CD8+ after LDI. Obvious stimulating effect could still be observed after 0.2 Gy irradiation, it indicated that subsets separated by McAb could have a wide stimulating dose range for LDI.  
        关键词：Low dose radiation;Lymphocyte subsets;Stimulative effect   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Liu Shuzheng,Su Xu,Zhang Yingchun
        Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 61-63(1994)
        摘要：It is first reported in the present paper that whole-body irradiation (WBI) with low dose x-rays could increase the expression of TCR/CD3 molecules on lymphocyte plasma membrane and potentiate the mobilization of [Ca2+]i in response to anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (McAb-CD3) and ConA in lymphocytes. Male Kunming mice were irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays at a dose rate of 12.5 mGy/min. At different time intervals after WBI cell suspensions were made from spleen and thymus. Fluo-3 AM was used as a fluorescent Ca probe to load the cells followed by fluorescence staining of the cells with L 3 T 4-PE/Ly 2-PE McAb's. Double fluorescence analysis with flow cytometry (FACScan,B-D) showed immediate increase in [Ca2+]i in both the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of the splenic and thymic lymphocytes in response to Con A stimulation, reaching a plateau within 5-10 min. It was found that the [Ca2+]i mobilization process was potentiated 12 h after WBI with 75 mGy. The response of the two subsets was found to be essentially the same. Therefore, thymocytes were loaded with fluo-3 AM without fluoresceinated McAb staining to study the time course of the changes in [Ca2+]i mobilization after WBI with 75 mGy. It was observed that from 4 to 24 h after irradiation the amplitude of [Ca2+]i mobilization of the thymocytes in response to McAb-CD3 increased with time. In order to look into the cause of this phenomenon, the expression of both the TCR and CD3 molecules at the plasma membrane of the thymocytes was studied by staining the cells with McAb-TCR and McAb-CD3 followed by anti-mouse-IgG-FITC for flow cytometry. Interestingly, the expression of both the TCR and CD3 molecules on the thymocytes was found to increase in parallel and the amplitude of this increase was up-regulated with time from 4 to 24 h following WBI with 75 mGy. The changes in expression of the TCR and CD3 molecules as well as in [Ca2+]i mobilization were highly correlated with r=0.970 to 0.993. It is known that the expression of the TCR/CD3 complex on thymocytes is a manifestation of their maturation. Therefore, it is assumed that low dose radiation could expedite the process of maturation in the thymus, thus potentiating its immunologic reactivity. The authors think that the enhanced expression of surface molecules, such as TCR/CD3, and facilitation of the signal transduction process, in which [Ca2+]i mobilization occupies a crucial position, are important in the understandung of the molecular mechanism of immunoenhancement following low dose radiation.  
        关键词：Low dose radiation;Lymphocytes;Thymocytes;TCR/CD3 Complex;Intracellular free caleium   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
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