Our study showed that there was a selective deposition of ,β,-radiator ,147,pm and γ-radiator ,169,Yb in skeleton. Both ,147,pm and ,169,Yb with similar metabolic peculiarity deposited mainly on the endosteum, periosteum and bone marrow cells.,Now we are trying to compare the chromosome aberration on bone marrow cells induced by ,147,pm or ,169,Yb under similar radiation dose and the absorption dose in skeleton betwee them. Animals were killed 72 hrs following the intake of each radionuclide. The femur was excised. Bone marrow cells were cultured in vitro for 24 hrs. Then we observed the chromosome aberration of bone marrow cells. Results indicated that the highest chromosome aberration rates induced by different radiators were on bone marrow cells of Wistar rats treated with 1 mCi/kg of ,147,pm (22.53±1.98%) or ,169,Yb (8.07±1.09%) followed by rats treated with 20 µCi/kg of ,147,pm (10.53± 1.68%) or ,169,Yb (2.60±0.72%) , There was a positive relationship between the chromosome aberration rates and the intake or ,147,pm or ,169,Yb. It is stated that, the mutagenic effect on bone marrow cells induced by ,β,-radiator ,147,pm was 2-3 times greater than by γ-radiator ,169,Yb. At the same time the absorption dose in skeletom by ,147,pm was also 2 times greater than by ,169,Yb.