Radiation-induced graft copolymerization is an important technologies for surface modification of polymers. In this paper, we give a review on recent progresses in this field of research. Factors affecting degree of the grafting, such as the monomer and base polymer, the solvent, the initiator and other additives, are discussed. Studies on morphologies of the grafted layers and distributions of the grafted molecular chains characterized by OM (Optical microscopy), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), AFM (Atomic force microscopy), GPC (Gel permeation chromatography), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), Raman and IR (Infra-red) spectroscopy are reviewed. The emerging grafting method of living polymerization induced by ionizing radiations, with which one is able to accurately control molecular weight and structure of the grafted molecular chains, is also briefly introduced.