最新刊期
      期 2 ， 2007
      • LI Xiao,LU Xiaofeng,SHI Liuqing,DUAN Wei,LIU Guangquan
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 65-69(2007)
        摘要：Acrylic acid was grafted onto poly (vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes by liquid-phase simultaneous γ-ray irradiation. Effects of monomer concentration, dose, isopropanol (chain-transfer agent) concentration, hydrochloric acid and CuSO4 inhibitor on degree of grafting and water contact angle were studied. The results indicated that the degree of grafting increased with increasing monomer concentration and dose and decreased with increasing concentration of CuSO4. Contact angle of the grafted membranes surface decreased with the dose. Hydrochloric acid could catalyze the grafting reaction and improve grafting degree obviously. The hydrophilicity of the grafted membranes was improved markedly. Contact angle of the membranes surface decreased from virgin 83.3° to 39.2° with the grafted membranes.  
        关键词：Poly (vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration;γ-ray irradiation;Grafting;Modification;Hydrophilicity   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • LIU Xinwen,ZU Jianhua,BAO Borong,WU Minghong,TONG Long,SUN Guisheng
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 70-74(2007)
        摘要：Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation of ferrouschloride and ferricchloride. Fe3O4/PAM core-shell composite magnetic particles were synthesized by E-beam irradiation in reverse microemulision. The products were characterized by XRD, AFM, FTIR and PCS. The results indicate that the products were single-phase Fe3O4 of about 10 nm in diameter, and the Fe3O4/PAM particles were spherical of about 80~150 nm in diameter. It was found that size of the core-shell particles could be controlled by adjusting concentrations of emulsification op-10, monomer AM and magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4, and the irradiation doses.  
        关键词：Reverse microemulision;EB-irradiation;Core-shell magnetic composite microspheres;Polyacrylamide   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHANG Jianqiu,FENG Yufeng,JIA Shaojin,ZU Jianhua,WANG Jie
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 75-79(2007)
        摘要：A novel kind of polymerizable organosilicone emulsifier (OSE) was prepared with MDnM, maleic ahhydride (MA) and γ-aminopropylmerthyldiethoxysilane (SG-Si902). It was applied in the emulsion copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA), initiated by 60Co γ-rays. Morphology and composition of the copolymerization latex were investigated by atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Properties of the latex films were examined. The results show that the latex emulsified by OSE were stable, and the composite latex has spherical structure. Water-resistant and heat-resistant properties of the latex film were improved remarkably with increased OSE contents.  
        关键词：Organosilicon emulsifier;Radiation;Emulsion polymerization   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • YANG Yingge,LI Wen,LIU Dan,FAN Yonghong,WANG Dongmei,ZHENG Zhiming,YU Zengliang
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 80-84(2007)
        摘要：In order to obtain higher L(+)-lactic acid yield strain fermentating from xylose, the original strain Rhizopus oryzae RLC41-6 was mutated by 10keV N+ ion implantation. A mutant strain RQ4012 was obtained. After 72h shake-flask cultivation, the concentration of L(+)-lactic acid reached 74.37g/L, and the productivity was 1.03g/(L.h). Its lactic acid yield was 160% higher than that of the original one, and the mutant strain has high genetic stability.  
        关键词：Ions implantation;Rhizopus oryzae;Xylose;L(+)-lactic acid   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHAO Xiaojun,FU Junjie,WANG Zhiping,ZHANG Guobin
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 85-88(2007)
        摘要：Radiation decontamination of barley plant powder by 60Co γ-rays and the effect on its components were studied. Results showed that irradiation was very effective in killing the microorganisms in barley plant powder. The irradiation did not cause obvious changes of the major components of protein, total sugar, free amino acid, crude fiber, but 35% loss of vitamin E was observed after 10kGy irradiation. It is suggested that 7.5-10kGy irradiation is good enough for decontamination of the barley plant powder.  
        关键词：Barley plant powder;Irradiation decontamination;Dose ununiformity   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • YANG Qiang,XIONG Guogang,SUN Chaoming,YUAN Mingkang,GUAN Kai
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 89-94(2007)
        摘要：Aging behaviors of polycarbonate under gamma irradiation were investigated by mechanical testing, scanning electron microspectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that tensile strength, glass transition temperatures, molecular weights and number averaged polymerization degree of the polycarbonate decreased with the dose. The smooth degree of fracture surface increased with the dose. Radiation degradation kinetics revealed that the degradation of polycarbonate under gamma irradiation is random degradation.  
        关键词：Polycarbonate (PC);Radiolysis aging;γ-ray   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • WANG Min,SHEN Zhongqun,YANG Ruiyuan,MA Hongjuan,ZHAO Jun,WANG Wenfeng
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 95-101(2007)
        摘要：The paper gives a review on recent progresses in E-beam purification of flue gases, radiation degradation of volatile organic compounds, and radiation treatment of sewerage and industrial wastewater. And research activities in this area at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics are given in particular details.  
        关键词：Radiation technology;Environmental pollutants;Electron beam;γ-rays   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHU Dazhang,WANG Shilong,SUN Xiaoyu,YAN Qianqian,NI Yaming,YAO Side,WANG Wenfeng
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 102-106(2007)
        摘要：The performance of isoquinoline, a kind of nondegradable N-heterocyclic compound, under the irradiation of UV light and its reaction with HO∙ were investigated by pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis. It was shown that both photo-excitation and monophoto-ionization with the quantum yield of 1.58×10-4 happened in isoquinoline under the irradiation of the laser pulse of 266nm. The cation radical of isoquinoline produced by photo-ionization could deprotonate to form its conjugate base mediate radical with the pKa of 5.50. Pulse radiolysis showed that isoquinoline could react with HO∙ very rapidly with the rate constant of 3.4×109 mol-1•dm3•s-1. With a better understanding on pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis of isoquinoline, this study is helpful for its degradation and for environment protection.  
        关键词：Isoquinoline;Laser flash photolysis;Pulse radiolysis;Hydroxyl radical;Photo-ionization   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • GENG Jiannuan,QIU Nongxue
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 107-110(2007)
        摘要：In order to obtain the chelating fiber for adsorbing metal ions in apple juice, the effect of different conditions on adsorption properties of chelating fiber for Cu(II) ion were discussed, such as pH and the time of adsorption. The isotherm of adsorption has bee confirmed. The desorption and its regeneration were simply discussed, too. The results showed that the chelating fiber had good kinetic property and the adsorbed equilibrium completed almost within 20-30min. The adsorption properties was affected by the temperature and pH. The adsorption process fits the isothermal equation of Freundlich. The chelating fiber could be used repeatedly.  
        关键词：Chelating fiber containing amidoxime group;Adsorption;Cu(Ⅱ) ions   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • SHI Dongsheng,DI Yuming,ZHOU Chunlin
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 111-114(2007)
        摘要：A new method was developed to identify γ-ray spectra with neural network based on wavelet packet decomposition. γ-ray spectra are regarded as non-stationary discrete signals. By using wavelet packet decomposition of γ-ray spectra, characteristic vector of the energy over all frequency band is obtained and used as an input variable into neural network to identify γ-ray spectra results of applying the method to γ-ray sources shows that the method can identify accurately γ-ray spectra from standard sources of different species and batches.  
        关键词：γ-ray spectrum identification;Wavelet packet decomposition;Neural network   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • WANG Ning,WANG Weidong,ZHU Xiaorui,WANG Junling,ZHANG Dawei,QIN Guangyong
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 115-118(2007)
        摘要：In order to study the peroxidation reaction of phosphatidylcholine and liposome induced by UV and the protection of cholesterol to phosphatidylcholine and liposome, predominantly unilamellar vesicles (ULVs) prepared by L-α-phosphatidylcholine were used as an alternate biological model. Phosphatidylcholine and liposome made by 20μmol of L-α-phosphatidylcholine with or without cholesterol were irradiated by 254 nm UV ray. Radiation induced peroxidation in phosphatidylcholine and liposome was measured spectrophotometrically by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction. The results show that, the peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine and liposome increased with the UV irradiation dose. The liposome was more sensitive to UV radiation than phosphatidylcholine. Cholestrol significantly prevented Liposomal peroxidation, but had no effect on phosphatidylcholine peroxidation. The peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine and liposome is apparently related to the concentration and dose, and cholesterol can only protect liposome.  
        关键词：UV-Radiation;Liposome;Lipid-peroxidation;Phosphatidylcholine   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • SHAO Chunlin,Folkard Melvyn,PRISE Kevin M
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 119-123(2007)
        摘要：The work is to investigate the bystander effect and related signaling factor induced by targeted irradiation on tumor cells. Human glioblastoma T98G cells were irradiated with a precise number of helium microbeam ions, which targeted to either nuclear or cytoplasm. Chromosome damage and intracellular NO level were assayed. Influence of a NO free radical scavenger on these radiation responses was measured. Using DEANO, the cellular effect of NO was also studied. It was found that even only one cell with a population was targeted with one particle through either nuclear or cytoplasm, additional cellular damage was induced in other 10s cells through a signaling amplification pathway and related bystander response. Although cell damage induced directly by nuclear irradiation was greater than that induced by cytoplasmic irradiation, bystander responses induced by these two kinds of irradiation were similar. When a fraction of cells were individually irradiated by helium ions, the yield of micronuclei was obviously higher than that assuming no bystander effect. However, these targeted irradiation induced bystander response were inhibited by c-PTIO, a scavenger of nitric oxide (NO) free radical. Detected with a NO molecular probe DAF-AM, it was observed that when only 1% of cells were irradiated either through nuclear or cytoplasm, the percentage of NO-positive cells increased by about 30% so that the NO-related fluorescence intensity increased by 15%. Moreover, micronuclei were induced indeed in T98G cells treated with a NO donor. These indicate that NO is a bystander signaling factor for both nuclear irradiation and cytoplasmic irradiation.  
        关键词：Microbeam;Subcellular irradiation;Bystander response;Signaling factor;Nitric oxide   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • JI Xinxin,HOU Wugang,ZHAO Jie,ZHAO Yong,LI Wei,ZHANG Yuanqiang
        Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 124-128(2007)
        摘要：The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between apoptosis induced by radiation of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) and the expression of Smad4 in mouse spermatogenic cells. 40 adult Balb/c mice were used, and 20 were irradiated with whole-body 400kV/m EMP. The mice were sacrificed and specimens were harvested at 1, 7, 14, 21and 28 days after the irradiation. Histological changes were observed through Hematoxylin-Eosin staining (H-E staining), the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick end labeling method (TUNEL method) and the Smad4 expression was observed using immunohistochemistry SABC methods. Severe injuries were observed 1day after the radiation and seminiferous epithelium was mostly recovered 28d after the radiation. The localization of smad4 was significantly different in EMP group compared to the control group, and the expression densities of smad4 decreased significantly at 7, 14and 21d after irradiation (p<0.05). TUNEL assays demonstrated that there was a significant increase in the mean apoptotic index (AI) in irradiation groups than that of control groups (p<0.01). The results suggested that Smad4 and TGF-β/Smad signal pathway might play an important role in spermatogenic cells apoptosis induced by radiation of EMP.  
        关键词：Electromagnetic pulses (EMP);Apoptosis;Smad4;Transforming growth factor−β(TGF-β);Sper matogenic cells   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
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