最新刊期
      期 3 ， 1995

        综述

      • Liu Shuzheng
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 129-139(1995)
        摘要：The present paper highlights the chief results of experimental studies recently carried out in the author's laboratory on the stimulatory effects of low level radiation on immunity. The intercellular relationship within the immune system after whole-body irradiation(WBI) with low doses of X- and gamma-rays was briefly outlined with the emphasis on the potentiating effect of low dose radiation (LDR) on the helper T cells which was thought to occupy a pivotal position in the process of immuno-stimulation. Data suggesting the facilitation by LDR of the signal transduction process within the T cells were presented. Some hypotheses prevailing in the literature for the explanation of the stimulatory effect of LDR were critically evaluated. Existing experimental data both from the literature and from the author's. laboratory were analysed giving no strong support to the speculation of either the preferential deletion of the radiosensitive suppressor T subset or the increased apoptosis of the T cell "precursors" in the thymus leading to secondary immunologic augmentation by low doses which stimulate immune functions. The possible influence of systemic changes, especially those in the neuroendocrine regulation, on the T cell potentiation following LDR was suggested, Finally the biological implications of the hormetic effects of LDR were discussed.  
        关键词：Low level radiation;Hormesis;Immune system;T subsets;Apoptosis;Intracellular signal transduction;Neuroendocrine regulation   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Zuo Zhihua,Yao Side,Li Hucheng,Lin Weizhen,Zhang Jiasham,Lin Nianyan
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 140-145(1995)
        摘要：Utilizing pulse radiolysis and kinetic spectrophotometric monitoring techniques, rapid electron transfer reaction from thymine and thymidine anion radicals to caffeic acid was observed respectively. Anion radicls of caffeic acid with absorption maximum at 360 nm have been generated via foregoing electron transfer reaction with rate constant of 1×109mol-1L s-1. Accordingly the subsequent protonation of thymine anion radicals should be prevented by the electrophilic protector. These kinetic demonstrations have provided direct evidence of charge transfer protection mechanism.  
        关键词：Caffeic acid;Thymine;Electron transfer;Charge transfer;Radiation protection   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Fu Zhonghua,Mao Xingen,Xiong Wang,Song Hongbing,Tang Yuanming,Zhao Junke
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 150-155(1995)
        摘要：Blend of poly(ethylene terephthalate PET) and polycarbonate(PC)was prepared by solution casting.The radiation effect on PET/PC blend was studied by means of Soxhlet extraction.Infrared, 13C NMR and DSC analgsis results shows that ester exchange reaction and crosslinking reaction were not observed in the radiation process, but the degradation reaction took place in the radiation process and the ester exchange reaction took place in the solution blending process. When absorbed dose is 0~21×104Gy, no obvious effect of radiation on the crystal structures of PET and PC in the blend was observed.  
        关键词：Poly (ethylene terphthalate);Polycarbonate;Blend;Radiation effect   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Xu Yunshu,Sun Ying,H. Siswono,F. Yoshii,K. Makuuchi,H. Ontsuka
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 156-160,155(1995)
        摘要：The efficiency of 12 kinds of polyfunctional monomers were evaluated for radiation crosslinking of SBR (styrcne-butadiene rubber, polystyrene-co-butadiene) and IR (isoprene rubber, cis-1,4-polyisoprene). It was found A-TMMT(tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate) and 2 G(diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) were very effective for SBR and IR respectively in reducing the necessary crosslinking dose. Stress-strain, dynamic mechanical and other properties of radiation crosslinked SBR and IR were analyzed and compared with those obtained through typical sulfur method. The properties of radiation crosslinked SBR and IR are similar to or even better than sulfur crosslinked rubber was concluded.  
        关键词：Poly (styrene-co-butadiene);cis-1;4-polyisoprene;Radiation crosslinking;Polyfunctional monomer;Electron beam   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Jiang Qikang,Sun Hongbin,Zhang Zhiping
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 161-166(1995)
        摘要：Direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) onto polyethylene (PE) films were studied. The investigation of the nature and characters of grafting proceeding were performed. The penetration of grafting onto the thin PE film was studied and the mechanism discussed. This involevs an initial stage whereby the grafted surface layer deforms the PE allowing further monomer to penetrate. It was shown that the surface grafting was dynamic controlled and the penetration of monomer depended on the polarity of monomer.  
        关键词：Polyethylene;Acrylic acid;Methacrylic acid;Radiation;Surface grafting;Penetration grafting;Diffusion   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Li Wenjian,Wei Zengquan,Xie Hongmei,Li Qiang,Han Guangwu,Dang Bingrong,Zhou Guangming,Yang Hanmin,Wang Lihong,Gao Qingxiang
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 167-169,166(1995)
        摘要：The biological effects of wheat seeds irradiated by 47.9 MeV/u and 20.4 MeV/u 14N+7 ion beams were studied respectively.The results showed: (1)The heavy ions of both penetration and implantation can all significantly inhibit growing power of wheat seeds. The greater dose is, the greater growing power is inhibited, and implantation influence on growing power is stronger than penetration.(2) In root tip cells of irradiated seeds, a great variety of chromosomal aberrations were observed, the aberration frequencies were several hundred times higher than that of the corresponding controls and the implantation surpasses the penetration.(3) The seeds treated by implantation and penetration have same evident effect of mutation and can induce DNA damage and repair.  
        关键词：Nitrogen ion beam;Penetration;Implantation;Growing power;Damage and repair;DNA;Chromosomal aberration   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Rui Jingyi,Jin Jialan,Ma Xinsheng,Huang Peizhong,Ma Junhu
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 170-172,180(1995)
        摘要：The dry seeds of 4 barley cultivars (strains) were irradiated by, electron beam with expose doses of 100~300 Gy. Nine expressed stability in M3 the determination results of the 9 mutant stains M4 were as follow: Three strains expressed higher yield than CK (+3.0%~+17.8%). Three strains were semidwarf(-33~-17 cm than CK). Three strains were superior weight of thousand kernels than CK (+21.0%~+26.4%). The electrophoresis analysis of 9 mutants showed that the pattern of esterase isoenzyme had changed in 4 strains. Three of them increased 1 band respectively and another increased 2 bands.  
        关键词：Electron beam;Barley;Mutation breeding;Isoenzyme analysis;Yield   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Zhao Yong,Gong Shouliang,Liu Shuzheng
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 173-176(1995)
        摘要：The present study was designed to observe the effects of 5-HT on the immune functions of the splenocytes irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays in Kunmin male mice in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that 5-HT inhibited significantly the spotaneous proliferation of the normal splenocytes, but the effects of 5-HT on the responses of the normal splenocytes to ConA were not obvious. The responses of the splenocytes to ConA after X-irradiation with 75 mGy both in vivo and in vitro enhanced in certain concentration of 5-HT. The results suggest that 5-HT in certain amount may inhibit the splenocyte immune functions and participate in the immunoenhancement effect following low dose irradiation. But the effects of certain 5-TH concentrations on the proliferation of the splenocytes irradiated in vivo and in vitro were different. It increased in vivo, but inhibited in vitro. It is supposed that it may be related to the changes of the internal environment of the splenocytes.  
        关键词：X-rays;Low dose irradiation;Serotonin;Immune regulation   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Guo Fangqing,Li Qun,Gu Ruiqi
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 177-180(1995)
        摘要：Sinapine is a natural compound occuring generally in Cruciferae and its radioprotective effects on germinating seeds of wheat and barley has been identified. Experimental results showed that sinapine had no toxicity to mice. The 6 weeks old mice were either fed with sinapine at 24 h before irradiation or continued feeding for 30 d after irradiation. The condition of irradiation was that all of the animals were exposed to 5.8Gy whole body X-radiation. The results of irradiation showed that sinapine could assuage the severe decreases of white blood cell and platelet counts in peripheral blood, but had no significant effects on the contents of hemoglobin. Feeding with sinapine during 30d after irradiation could significantly promote the recovery of platelet counts in mice.  
        关键词：Radioprotection;Mice;Peripheral blood;Sinapine   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Luo Chengji,Guo Zhaohua,Zhou Yanhong,Shi Yan
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 181-185(1995)
        摘要：The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of bone marrow stromal cell on the growth of granulopoietic progenitors in mice with combined radiation-burn injury. It was found that: (1) The inhibition of CFU-GM growth in the cultured stromal cell was observed, whether extra CSF existed or not, after the 3~5 th day of combined radiation burn injury. Radiation injury and combined injury resulted in marked depression of it, than the burn injury.(2) Stimulation of the cultured stromal cell in the adherent layer on the growth of granulopoietic progenitors could be achieved.This action was obvious when the extra GM-CSF was absent. (3) Stimulation of stromal cells on CFU-GM formation was observed after all 3 kinds of injuryes.The serious suppression of myelopoiesis in radiation and combined injury showed more obvious stimulation of stromal cells. The results indicated that bone marrow stromal cells played a significant role in reconstruction and recovery of hematopoietic disturbance after combined radiationburn injury.  
        关键词：Combined radiation-burn injury;Bone marrow stromal cell;Granulopoietic progenitor   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Chen Zhiyun,Zhang Ming,Liu Shuzheng
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 186-189,192(1995)
        摘要：It is known that low dose ionizing radiation stimulated the immune functions in human subjects and mice. In order to examine the situation of macrophages a series of changes in the immune system in Kunming mice following low dose whole body irradiation were observed based on the study of macrophages from spleen. The present study was designed by whole body X-rays with the doses of 50, 75, 100 and 250 mGy, respectively, The dose rate was 12.5 mGy/min. All the results showed that low dose irradiation may enhance the function of macrophages on the reaction of lymphocytes to ConA, and increase content of IL-1 from macrophages.  
        关键词：Low dose irradiation;Splenic macrophages;IL-1;Splenic lymphocytes   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
      • Tian Hailin,Su Liaoyuan
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 190-192(1995)
        摘要：In this paper, relative effects of LDI on NK activity of blood lymphocytes in normal subjects and cancer patients in vitro and effects of LDI on K562 cells were studied. NK activity was determined by 3H-TdR release assay. 21 patients and 10 normal individuals blood werd analysed. All samples were irradiated by 226Ra γ-rays with doses 0,5, 10, 30, 50, 80, 120cGy separately. The results indicated that the NK activity of lymphocytes in cancer patient's blood increased significantly in 50cGy irradiation group (120.5% of control). No significat changes were found in other dose groups. While in normal subjects, NK activity increased at both dose groups, 10 and 50 cGy. The peak value of NK activity appeared at dose of 50 cGy. The tendency of the increase of NK activity in normal subjects after LDI was higher than that in patients. There was significant difference of NK activity changes between two groups of persons after 50 cGy irradiation, 3H-TdR incorporation was used to study the effects of LDI on K562 cells. The result showed that 3H-TdR incorporation in K562 cells increased significantly after 10 cGy irradiation. It indicated stimulating effect. As the dose is above 80 cGy, 3H-TdR incorporation decreased significantly, which indicated that the stimulating effect disappeared.  
        关键词：Low dose irradiation;Tumor cell;NK activity;Stimulating effect   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23

        研究论文

      • Wu Minghong,Ding Zhongli,Ma Zueteh
        Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 146-149,145(1995)
        摘要：In this paper, some condensed ethylene glycol acrylate monomers with different molecular weight being grafted to the PE film by means of pre-irradiation is reported. The effect of molecular weight of monomer on grafting reaction and the hydrophilicity of grafting sample have been discussed. The experimental results show that molar degress of grafting decreased non-linearly with the increment of molecular weight of monomer, the grafting reaction of polymer is greater effected by the swelling degree of PE film, the greater the swelling degree of grafting material, the higher the degree of grafting is,the initial rate of grafting reaction decreased with the increment of molecular weight of monomer.  
        关键词：Pre-irradiation;Grafting polymerization;Biomedical material;Polyethene;Acrylate   
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        发布时间：2023-04-23
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