最新刊期
卷 44 ， 期 1 ， 2026
- 摘要：γ ray shielding materials have important application value in fields such as nuclear energy, medical treatment, and aerospace. Although traditional lead-based materials exhibit excellent shielding performance, their high density, toxicity, and insufficient flexibility, which limits their application in lightweight and environmentally friendly designs. In recent years, composite materials have attracted growing research interest due to their low density, good processability, and tunable properties. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in lightweight γ ray shielding composites, with a focus on three key aspects: matrix types, filler size, and structural optimization. The characteristics and limitations of various design strategies were discussed, along with emerging trends in multifunctional designs such as flame retardancy, electromagnetic shielding, and green sustainability. Significant progress has been made in the lightweight design of γ ray shielding composites; however, challenges remain regarding the balance between shielding efficiency and mechanical properties, poor filler dispersion, and limitations in engineering applications. Future research should focus on integrated multifunctional design, promote the development of green and sustainable solutions, and advance scalable fabrication techniques, thereby providing new strategies for protection in complex radiation environments.关键词：γ ray shielding;Composite materials;Light weight;Multifunctional design;Green sustainability315|282|0更新时间：2026-03-02
- 摘要：177Lu possesses excellent physical properties, while peptides exhibit fine qualities such as small molecular weight, good biocompatibility, simple synthesis, and convenient modification. This combination makes 177Lu-labeled peptide radiopharmaceuticals, represented by 177Lu-DOTATATE, demonstrate good efficacy in tumor treatment research, sparking a surge of interest in this type of drug among researchers. The combined application of strategies such as multimerization, dual-targeting design, and modification to prolong blood half-life are key technological paths for improving the tumor retention of targeted peptides. This article reviews the targets, modification strategies of peptide molecules, preclinical and clinical research data of 177Lu-labeled peptide radiopharmaceuticals that have been extensively studied in recent years. It also conducts a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development trends of this type of drug. The results indicate that this type of drug possesses good safety and therapeutic effects, with broad application prospects.关键词：177Lu;Peptide;Radiopharmaceuticals156|151|0更新时间：2026-03-02
REVIEW
- 摘要：In this study, the skin-core selective mechanism of electron beam irradiation on the radially heterogeneous structure of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers is systematically revealed for the first time. This is achieved by integrating multi-scale characterization techniques, including synchrotron radiation microfocused wide-angle X-ray scattering, in-situ microfilm infrared spectroscopy, and wide-angle X-ray scattering. The study confirms that irradiated and non-irradiated PAN fibers exhibit distinct cortex-core structures, with the (100) crystal planes in the cortex showing higher crystallinity, crystal size, and degree of orientation compared to the core layer. As the irradiation dose increases, the cortex's crystallinity decreases, grain size reduces, and degree of orientation slightly diminishes, while crystal face spacing remains nearly unchanged, and core structure parameters show minimal variation. This differential evolution between cortex and core structures enhances oxygen diffusion efficiency to some extent, laying the foundation for improving the uniformity of PAN fiber pre-oxidation processes. Further studies reveal a synergistic effect between irradiation and heat treatment: 200 kGy is the optimal irradiation dose for achieving a 62% cyclization rate at 250 ℃, while 500 kGy provides the best carbon yield at 1 000 ℃, reaching 50.5% (a 12.25% increase over non-irradiated samples). Through rational adjustment of irradiation conditions, PAN fibers' pre-oxidation and carbonization processes can be optimized, providing new experimental evidence for developing high-performance PAN-based carbon fibers.关键词：Synchrotron radiation;Electron beam irradiation;Polyacrylonitrile fibers;Skin-core structure;Carbon fibers239|271|0更新时间：2026-03-02
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Electron beam irradiation-induced oxidation of molten ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films AI导读
摘要：This study employed electron beam irradiation technology to perform radiation-induced oxidative treatment on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) films under air and oxygen atmospheres, in molten (150 ℃) and room temperature (25 ℃) states. The structural and mechanical properties were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel content measurement, and small punch tests. The experimental results indicate that irradiation at room temperature primarily induces cross-linking in UHMWPE, with a low degree of oxidation. In contrast, irradiation in the molten state under an oxygen atmosphere triggered significant oxidative degradation. At an absorbed dose of 500 kGy, the gel content was reduced to zero, accompanied by a notable decline in mechanical properties, and the small punch tests exhibited characteristics of brittle fracture. Irradiation in the molten state under an air atmosphere also demonstrated a synergistic effect between cross-linking and oxidation. The study confirms that electron beam irradiation of molten UHMWPE films in an oxygen atmosphere can efficiently promote oxidative degradation, offering a new strategy for the chemical recycling of polyethylene.关键词：Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;Electron beam irradiation;Radiation-induced oxidation;High-temperature irradiation;Oxidation index203|258|0更新时间：2026-03-02 - 摘要：Addressing the issue of uranium radioactive aerosol sedimentation during a nuclear emergency is critically important. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as the base material, and acrylic acid (AA) monomers were introduced through chemical grafting modification. Graft copolymers (PVA-g-PAA) were synthesized via solution polymerization with PVA to AA mass ratios of 1∶0, 1∶0.25, 1∶0.5, 1∶0.75, and 1∶1. The structure of the grafted polymers was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, confirming the successful grafting of AA onto the PVA chains. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed changes in the microscopic morphology. The grafted polymers were evaluated for thermal properties, grafting efficiency, contact angle, surface tension, and viscosity. Sedimentation fixation experiments were then performed to assess the aerosol capture and fixation performance of the polymers on cerium oxide aerosols, which serve as a uranium aerosol simulant. SEM images of freeze-dried samples showed that the grafted polymer formed a denser and more porous network structure. The grafted polymer also exhibited enhanced thermal stability. At a PVA/AA ratio of 1∶0.75, the grafting rate reached 18.3%. After grafting AA, the polymer solution's surface tension decreased by 2.84 mN/m, the contact angle dropped by 28.73°, and viscosity increased by 20.7 mPa·s. Additionally, after film formation, the elongation at break improved by 224.91%. Sedimentation fixation tests demonstrated that the PVA-g-PAA graft polymer effectively captured and fixed cerium oxide aerosols, achieving a sedimentation fixation rate of 84.68% within 35 min. The study also clarifies the mechanism behind aerosol fixation, offering technical support for the sedimentation fixation of uranium radioactive aerosols.关键词：Grafted polymers;Cerium oxide aerosol;Grafting rate;Sedimentation fixation147|368|0更新时间：2026-03-02
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
- 摘要：This prospective study evaluated the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on radiation dermatitis (RD) during postoperative radiotherapy after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, and compared the incidence of related adverse events. From December 2023 to December 2024, 300 breast cancer patients treated at the Radiation Oncology Center of Tangshan People’s Hospital were enrolled and randomly assigned equally to a control group and an experimental group. The control group received standard interventions for acute RD, while the experimental group received HBOT in addition to the standard care. Starting from the beginning of radiotherapy, patients were followed for 12 weeks (recorded as W1–W12). The primary outcome was grade of acute RD; secondary outcomes included numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), Skindex-29, and incidence of adverse events. Repeated-measures ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to compare the outcomes above. During follow-up, time effects, group effects, and interactions for acute RD grade were all significant (all p < 0.05), and the experimental group showed lower acute RD grades during W8–W12 (all p < 0.05). For NRS scores, time effects, group effects, and interactions were not significant (all p > 0.05). For DLQI, time effects, group effects, and interactions were significant (all p < 0.05), and the experimental group had lower DLQI scores during W8–W12 (all p < 0.05). For Skindex-29, time effects, group effects, and interactions were significant (all p < 0.05), and the experimental group had lower Skindex-29 scores during W8–W12 (all p < 0.05). At W12, the difference in adverse event incidence between the two groups was not significant (χ2 = 0.410, p = 0.522). HBOT demonstrated a favorable therapeutic effect on acute RD in breast cancer patients and an acceptable safety profile for clinical use, indicating potential value for clinical application and wider adoption.关键词：Breast cancer;Modified radical mastectomy;Acute;Dermatitis;Treatment;Adverse event70|118|0更新时间：2026-03-02
RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIOMEDICINE
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Effect of electron beam irradiation on pest control, mold prevention, and quality of lotus seeds AI导读
摘要：To investigate the effects of electron beam irradiation on microorganisms, insect pests, and nutritional components in lotus seeds (also known as lotus kernels), samples were irradiated at doses of 0 kGy, 0.4 kGy, 1 kGy, 2 kGy, 4 kGy, and 6 kGy. The results demonstrated that irradiation at 0.4 kGy effectively inhibited insect egg hatching in lotus seeds, resulting in 100% mortality of adult rice weevils within 72 h post-treatment. Total bacterial and mold counts significantly decreased with increasing absorbed doses. Immediately after irradiation at 0.4 kGy, both counts dropped to 20 CFU/g. Following 180-day of storage after a 2 kGy irradiation, these values remained below 100 CFU/g. Absorbed doses ranging from 0 kGy to 6 kGy had no significant impact on moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, or amylose content in lotus seeds. However, crude fat content decreased significantly after irradiation, while amylopectin content showed an initial increase followed by a decline. This study provides scientific support for the application of electron beam irradiation technology in controlling insect infestation and mold growth during lotus seed storage.关键词：Electron beam irradiation;White lotus;Pest control;Mold;Nutritional ingredient91|186|0更新时间：2026-03-02 - 摘要：This research examined the efficacy of electron beam irradiation (2-10 kGy) for the decontamination of Codonopsis Radix, with subsequent profiling of its effects on critical quality attributes, namely microbiological limits, physicochemical indices, color characteristics, active ingredients, fingerprint similarity, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that electron beam irradiation at absorbed doses of 2-10 kGy significantly reduced the total aerobic bacterial, mold, and yeast counts in Codonopsis Radix, which demonstrates effective decontamination. No significant effects of irradiation were observed on the moisture content, alcohol-soluble extract content, or total color difference (ΔE) of the samples. Furthermore, the contents of key bioactive compounds, namely total flavonoids, total saponins, lobetyolin, tangshenoside I, and syringin, remained stable across the applied absorbed dose range. Following electron beam irradiation (2-10 kGy), the HPLC fingerprint similarity of all Codonopsis Radix samples exceeded 0.98, demonstrating remarkable stability in their overall chemical profile. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts remained largely unaltered post-irradiation. The application of 6-8 kGy electron beam irradiation effectively inactivated microorganisms while preserving the overall quality of processed Codonopsis Radix, thereby providing critical data and parameters to support the optimization of its storage and processing, and advance the utilization of this technology in traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：Codonopsis Radix;Electron beam irradiation;Microorganism;Active ingredient;HPLC fingerprint111|176|0更新时间：2026-03-02
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Analysis of salt tolerance characteristics in the rice
osrr22 mutant induced by ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation AI导读摘要：Salt stress severely compromises rice yield stability, and identifying salt-tolerance genes and their regulatory mechanisms is crucial for crop improvement. In this study, a rice osrr22 mutant was generated via 60Co-γ ray mutagenesis, and its salt tolerance, as well as associated physiological and molecular regulatory characteristics,were systematically evaluated. The results showed that the mutant seedlings exhibited a survival rate of over 80% under 1% NaCl treatment. When planted in the field with 0.5%–0.7% salt content, the mature plants maintained green and erect stems, with less Na⁺ accumulation but increased K⁺ accumulation and a significantly lower Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in panicles and grains, leading to better yield performance than the wild type. Physiological analyses revealed that the hormonal profile of the mutant was reconfigured under prolonged salt stress, with decreased levels of stress-associated hormones such as abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene, whereas cytokinin level increased. Meanwhile, the cellulose content in the mutant stems increased significantly, suggesting a potential increase in cell wall compactness. Transcriptome analysis further corroborated the coordinated differential regulation of genes involved in hormone signaling and cell wall biosynthesis, indicating potential functional crosstalk between the two processes, which may promote cell wall remodeling and maintain ionic homeostasis. Collectively, the salt tolerance adaptation of the osrr22 mutant may rely on the coordinated responses of hormone signaling regulation, cell wall remodeling, and ion distribution. The findings of this study provide new genetic resources and theoretical insights for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of rice salt tolerance and for breeding salt-tolerant varieties.关键词：Rice;OsRR22 gene;Hormone;Cell wall;Ion homeostasis;Salt-tolerance86|80|0更新时间：2026-03-02 - 摘要：This study aims to investigate the effects of different irradiation methods—using electron beam, X-rays, and γ rays at a dose range of 6-16 kGy — on the microbial reduction and chemical composition of Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) powder. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to systematically analyze 34 chemical components. Microbial limit tests and fingerprint similarity evaluations were also conducted. The results demonstrated that all three irradiation methods met the microbial limit standards (aerobic bacterial count ≤5×10³ cfu/g, mold count ≤5×101 cfu/g) at doses ≥10 kGy, with sterilization efficacy showing dose dependence. Fingerprint analysis based on 29 identified saponins revealed similarity values above 0.97 for all irradiated samples, confirming that the major active components remained largely unchanged. This study provides a scientific basis for selecting radiation sources and optimizing doses in the sterilization processing of Red Ginseng powder.关键词：Red ginseng;Radiation sterilization;Fingerprinting83|116|0更新时间：2026-03-02
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
- 摘要：In response to the development needs of nuclear medicine, this study proposes a solution to convert a linear accelerator into a cyclotron room. Through theoretical calculations and MCNP (Monte Carlo N-particle transport code) simulations, we evaluated the shielding effectiveness of the original heavy-concrete structure (1.2–2.6 m thick) against γ-rays, and proposed an optimized scheme that adds boron-containing polyethylene (24–48 cm) to the inner walls for neutron shielding. The results show that the original concrete structure meets the requirements for γ-ray protection. Simulations verify that selecting boron-containing polyethylene provides high neutron-shielding efficiency with a smaller increase in secondary γ radiation, resulting in lower dose rates. By combining a polyethylene moderator layer with an 11% boron-containing polyethylene absorption layer, the risk of neutron activation from iron-ore aggregates is effectively avoided. This solution involves low construction difficulty and controllable costs, and enables efficient reuse of medical facilities. The study provides technical guidance for similar renovations and supports policy goals for the high-quality development of nuclear medicine in China.关键词：Medical cyclotron;Radiation shielding;Neutron protection;Boron-containing polyethylene;Optimal-design100|129|0更新时间：2026-03-02
RADIATION PROTECTION
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