最新刊期
      期 4 ， 2005

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      • SUN Hanwen,YU Jiahui,XU Dongmei,GONG Peijun,HONG Jun,ZHANG Chunfu,YAO Side
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 193-195(2005)
        摘要：Core−shell poly (acrylamide) modified magnetic nanogels with narrow particle size distribution were synthesized in aqueous solution with surfactant free via photochemical method. The size of the nanogels can be controlled by varying the reaction time, or the concentrations of monomer and cross−linker. After Hoffmann degradation of amido groups, the magnetic nanogels with amino groups were also obtained. The magnetic nanogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photo correlation spectroscopy (PCS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively.  
        关键词：Magnetic nanogels;Photochemical method;Core−shell structure;Controllable synthesis   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHANG Xianru,XU Zheng
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 196-200(2005)
        摘要：As a new technical method, microwave has been used in every aspect of materials. This paper summarizes the principle of microwave chemistry, experimental equipments and application in material chemistry. At the same time we introduce progresses in organic synthesis, macromolecule chemistry and inorganic synthesis with microwave technique.  
        关键词：Microwave chemistry;Non-heat effect;Organic synthesis;Inorganic synthesis   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHU Guangming,WANG Shilei,ZHAO Hui,FEI Jingyin,YAN Hongxia
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 201-206(2005)
        摘要：Sensitizing effects of polyfunctional polyester acrylate (PEA) on radiation cross-linkage of PCL were studied in this paper. Influences of the added amount of PEA, number of the functional groups, and irradiation dose on dynamic mechanical properties of the cross-linked PCL samples were investigated. It was concluded that efficiency of radiation cross-linking of the PCL samples could be improved markedly after applying the polyfunctional naterials. The more the number of the functional groups and the more amount of the functional groups, the more the gel content and the more distinctive radiation cross-linking effects. Mechanisms of the enhanced radiation cross-linking effect were discussed. It appeared that the double bonds broken from molecule chains of the polyfunctional naterials s by the ionizing radiation had been of help to the cross-linking reactions. In addition, it was found that the radiation cross-linking of PCL in presence of the polyfunctional naterials could be described by the Chen-Liu-Tang relation, rather than the classical Charlesby–Pinner equation. The DMA analysis indicated that the radiation cross-linked PCL had higher heat deformation temperature with a wide rubbery state plateau.  
        关键词：Polycaprolactone;Radiation cross-linking;Sensitizing;Polyfunctional compound;Polyester acrylate   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • LIU Pengbo,FAN Ping,XU Wen,WANG Kai
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 207-210(2005)
        摘要：Ultra−high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was irradiated in air by 60Co γ−rays. The effect of γ−ray irradiation on the structure and properties of UHMWPE was studied by FTIR, intrinsic viscosity measurement, melt flow rate (MFR) measurement and mechanical property test. The experimental results show that oxygen−containing groups (mainly carbonyl group) were introduced on the molecular chain of UHMWPE during the irradiation, which causeed degradation of UHMWPE. Molecular weight of UHMWPE decreased and melt flow rate increased obviously. Compared with the virgin UHMWPE, MFR of the 100kGy-irradiated UHMWPE increased from virtually nothing to 4.8g/10min. Tensile yield strength and elongation at break of the irradiated UHMWPE samples were improved, whereas notched Izod impact strength of the samples decreased. Compared with the virgin UHMWPE, elongation at break of the UHMWPE samples irradiated to 100kGy increased from 367% to 801%, and their notched Izod impact strength decreased to 576J/m from over 1000.  
        关键词：Ultra−high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE);γ−ray irradiation;Fluidity   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • BIAN Shaowei,WANG Min,YANG Ruiyuan,WANG Wenfeng
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 211-215(2005)
        摘要：The degradation of aqueous p−Nitroaniline by 1.5MeV electron beam is studied in this paper. Influences of absorbed dose, initial p−Nitroaniline concentration, pH and addition of H2O2 on the degradation efficiency are evaluated. Removal of p−Nitroaniline reached 95% and COD−reduction of p−Nitroaniline was 41% at an initial p−Nitroaniline concentration of 100mg/L irradiated to 20kGy. The results show that electron beam irradiation is an effective process for the degradation of p−Nitroaniline.  
        关键词：Electron beam irradiation;Chemical oxygen demand (COD);Degradation;p−Nitroaniline   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • ZHANG Youjiu,WANG Chunlei,ZHU Nankang
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 216-218(2005)
        摘要：The circulating radiation vulcanization of natural rubber latex (RVNRL) has been carried out with 250keV electrons in the presence of sensitizer like NDDA (1, 9-nonanedilo diacrylate). The irradiation time decreases with increasing beam current. 40% natural rubber latex is suitable for radiation vulcanization with low energy electron beam. It is beneficial to quality control of RVNRL to use adequately increased weight of the natural rubber latex.  
        关键词：Natural rubber latex;Radiation vulcanization;Low energy electron beam   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • YE Yin,WANG Hengdong,QIU Shilong
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 219-222(2005)
        摘要：Polytetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene (FEP) films were irradiated in N2 with 60Co γ-rays, and graft-copolymerization reaction was conducted after the irradiation with a bi-monomer system of acrylic acid (AA) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) to prepare FEP−g−PSSA/AA membranes, which can be used as fluoro−sulphonic proton exchange membrane. Effects of the reaction conditions on grafting yield were studied in detail, such as the Cu (CH3COO)2inhibitor concentration, the film thickness, mol ratio and total concentration of the monomers solution. The results showed that the grafting yields did not change with thickness of the FEP film samples, and with FEP films that had been kept under −5℃ after the irradiation for over three months.  
        关键词：Preirradiation graft−copolymerization;Acrylic acid;Sodium styrene sulfonate;Proton exchange membrane   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • FU Haiying,YU Ming,LI Linfan,XIE Leidong,YAO Side
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 223-228(2005)
        摘要：The graft copolymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto styrene-butadiene−styrene star triblock copolymer (SBS) was studied by 60Co γ−ray irradiation. The graft yields increased with MAA or MMA concentration, and with 1 wt% CCl4 added to the grafting system. The structure of the graft copolymers was determined by Fourier−transform infrared (FT−IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results showed that hydroxyl radicals from, the irradiation product of water solvent, played an important role in improving the graft yield. It was found that decomposition temperature and the glass transition temperature of PS phase of the grafted polymer were improved, too, to a large extent. The study is of help to higher temperature applications of star SBS as a binder.  
        关键词：Styrene−butadiene−styrene;Methacrylic acid (MAA);Methyl methacrylate (MMA);Irradiation graft   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • WU Jian,DAI Guifu,ZHANG Fengqiu,LU Lei
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 229-232(2005)
        摘要：Goldfish embryos at five different developmental stages, from fertilized eggs to heart beating stage, were irradiated by UV rays, and hatching rate, darkly pigmented eye rate and abnormal embryo rate of the irradiated embryos were investigated. Being subjected to very low amount (≤3min.) of the UV irradiation, the embryos earlier than gastrula stage showed hormesis. However, the embryos at gastrula or heart beating stage were very sensitive to UV irradiation, showing just damage effect, which was very strong even at very low amount of the UV irradiation. The results also showed that development of the gastrula embryos irradiated by the UV rays stopped before darkly pigmengted eye stage, whereas embryos irradiated at heart beating stage by the UV rays could develop to the darkly pigmented eye stage, though they could not hatch out.  
        关键词：UV radiation;Goldfish;Embryo   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • YU Long,PAN Tao,ZHOU Jian
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 233-236(2005)
        摘要：Aspergillus niger strains CK1−16, the bacteria commonly used in industrial production of citric acid, were implanted with 3.10×1014 to 2.58×1015 ions/cm2 of 15 keV N+ ions . Suevival rate of the bacteria at different doses was investigated, and mutagenic effects of the microbe were studied. From the ion-implanted specimens, we were able to obtain three mutant strains that produce increased yield of citric acid. The 71 hours yield of Mutant Strain 4#−8−1incubated in cassava and corn flour media is 14% higher than the CK1-16 strain, while Mutant Strains 4#−8−7 and 4#−8−7, incubated in corn flour media are 15.9% and 17.0% higher than the CK1-16 strain, respectively. The results also show that the mutant strains have high genetic stability.  
        关键词：Ion implantation;Citric acid;Mutation;Breed   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • GENG Jiannuan,QIU Nongxue,WANG Pengfei,YAN Long
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 237-240(2005)
        摘要：In this paper, co−grafting reaction of acrylonitrile and acrycylic acid onto pre−irradiated polypropylene nonwoven fabrics in air medium has been studied. The degree of grafting has been determined as a function of irradiation dose, reaction temperature ,reaction time, monomer concentration, ratio of monomers and the concentration of Mohr’s. The results showed that the best condition of grafting reaction was reaction temperature 75℃, reaction time 4h, monomer concentration 50%. Structure of the grafted polymer have been studied by FT−IR.  
        关键词：Pre−irradiation;Grafting reaction;Polypropylene nonwoven fabrics;Acrylonitrile;Acrycylic acid   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • LUO Yinhong,GONG Jiancheng,GUO Hongxia,HE Baoping,ZHANG Fengqi
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 241-245(2005)
        摘要：MIL−STD 883 Test Method 1019.5 and 1019.4 are respectively applied to test and validate typical CMOS devices of CC4069 (manufactured in two different technologies) and LC4007-RHA. Principles for the tests are given and test results are analyzed in detail, so as to realize under laboratory conditions the feasibilities and conservatisms of eatimating oxide trap charges and interface trap charges in space. The studies shows that, while the LC4007-RHA NMOS device passed the comparatively conservative 1019.4 tests, CC4069 devices failed in the 1019.5 tests, suggesting considerable interface trap charge build-up after high temperature annealing.  
        关键词：MIL−STD−883 Test Method 1019.5;Complementary Metal−Oxide−Semiconductor Transistor (CMOS) device;Radiation effect estimatiom   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • YAN Minfen,HAO Furong,XU Liming,TONG Shungao,JI Huajun,SHEN Zhifen,JIN Yizun
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 246-250(2005)
        摘要：In this paper, content of cytochrome P450 and activities of CYP2B1and CYP2E1 in liver of male SD rats subjected to intraperitioned injection of MMC or γ−ray irradiation, were studied. Groups No.1-3 of the rats were injected with MMC of 1mg/kg d for 1, 3 or 6days. Group No.4-6 of the rats were treated respectively with one injection of MMC at 3mg/kg, 3Gy of 137Cs γ−ray irradiation, or a combination of the MMC injection at 3mg/kg after 3Gy γ−ray irradiation. Biological measurements of the experimental groups were compared to blank groups and solvent control groups. The results showed that for the group administered on the first day with MMC at 1mg/kg, the CYP2E1 activity increased (p<0.01), whereas the P450 content and the CYP2B1 activity did not change. For the group injected with MMC at 1mg/kg d for 3d or 6d, no significant changes were found in the P450 content and the activities of CYP2B1and CYP2E1. With the 3mg/kg MMC group, the CYP2E1 activity increased significantly (p<0.01), but no marked effects were observed in the P450 content and the CYP2B1 activity. The CYP2E1 activity deceased in the 3Gy irradiated group (p<0.05), with no effect on the P450 content and the CYP2B1 activity. There was no interaction between 3mg/kg MMC and 3Gy irradiation. The results indicated that MMC induced the CYP2E1 activity, yet repeated treatment with MMC might cause the rats to gain some resistance to it, in addition, 3Gy γay−irradiation inhibited the CYP2E1activity, but combined treatments of the 3Gy irradiation and MMC injection showed no significant effect on the P450 content and the CYP2B1 activity in vivo.  
        关键词：γ−irradiation;MMC;P450;CYP2B1;CYP2E1   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • JU Guizhi,YAN Fengqin,FU Shibo,LI Pengwu
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 251-253(2005)
        摘要：The work is to investigate whether P21 protein expression could be induced by ionizing radiation and the effect on cell cycle uncoupling. Immunocytochemistry assay was used to measure P21 protein expression. Polyploid was analyzed by FCM following staining of cells with propidium iodide (PI). The results showed that P21 protein expression of EL−4 cells was increased significantly 2—72h after 4.0Gy X−ray irradiation (p<0.05—p<0.001). In dose−effect experiments it was found that P21 protein expression also increased significantly 24 h after exposure to 0.5—6.0Gy X−rays of EL−4 cells (p<0.01—p<0.001). However, 8N cells were not changed in EL−4 cells irradiated to 1.0—6.0Gy by X−rays compared with sham−irradiated control (p>0.05). These results demonstrated that the ionizing radiation could induce P21 protein expression, but not cell cycle uncoupling. It suggested that P21 might play an important role in cell cycle uncoupling.  
        关键词：Ionizing radiation;P21 protein expression;Cell cycle uncoupling   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
      • TU Xumin,LEI Suwen,LI Wenjian,WANG Jufang,LU Huimin,ZHANG Zhixing,ZHANG Cuilang,QI Xuesong,HAO Shuxia,LIU Hongwu
        Vol. 23, Issue 4, Pages: 254-256(2005)
        摘要：The work is to study the bystander effects and associated mechanisms by irradiated conditioned medium (ICM) method. Splenic natural killer (NK) cells were obtained from healthy male ICR strain mice. ICM irradiated to different doses with 60Coγ-rays was used for culturing Yac-I Lymphoma cells. The degree of injury of latter by activated NK cells was observed. And effect of ICM on splenic lymphocyte proliferation was detected. Some samples of the culture media were pretreated 1h before the irradiation with 1% DMSO, which is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), so as to investigate possible mechanisms of a radiation-induced bystander response. The results showed that severer injury was induced in Yac-I cells cultured in ICM than the control (without irradiation), as shown by increased sensitivity to murine splenic NK cells (p<0.05). And the splenic lymphocyte proliferation decreased significantly than the control (p<0.05). Culturing Yac-I cells in DMSO-pretreated medium considerably reduced the activation of NK cells. The result indicates the existence of bystander effects. It can be expected that DMSO can partly suppress ROS-induced bystander effect. This suggested ICM of Yac-I cells can trigger bystander effect. ROS may play an important role in radiation-induced bystander effect that can be partly suppressed by pretreatment with DMSO. ROS-induced bystander effect is seen as an adjunct mechanism but not as an essential one.  
        关键词：60Co γ−rays irradiation;Bystander effects;Tumor cell Yac−I;Activation of NK cells;Splenic lymphocyte proliferation   
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        发布时间：2023-03-30
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