最新刊期
      期 4 ， 1998
      • Huai Qing,Li Jiuqiang,Fang Xingwang
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 193-197(1998)
        摘要：The effect of dose rate on the radiation chemical yield of hydroxyterephthalate (HOTA) in the radiolysis of aerated terephthalate (TA) aqueous solution has been investigated,and the generation of •OH by copper ion catalyzed Fenton reaction has been evaluated with the help of TA. No significant difference in the G (HOTA) was observed at dose rate ranging from 8.2×10-3 to 1.6Gy s-1. The presence of Cu2+ at concentration less than 1/10 of [TA] lowers the G (HOTA) to 0.53, however G (HOTA) does not change with [Cu2+] added. As indicated by the formation of HOTA,the "•OH" generated by the Fenton-type reaction catalyzed by copper ion is different from that generated radiolytic,the former is rather localized and therefore difficult to be scavenged by TA.  
        关键词：Terephthalate dosimeter;Fenton-type reaction;Hydroxyl radical   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Yang Zhanshan,Fumio Yoshii,Keizo Makuuchi
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 198-203(1998)
        摘要：Poly （ethylene oxide） （PEO） hydrogel films formed by electron beam （EB） irradiation were prepared as wound dressing. The physiochemical properties of the PEO hydrogel films were evaluated. The results showed that properties of the PEO hydrogel films were largely dependent on irradiation dose,polymer concentration and its molecular weight. As the EB irradiation dose increased,the gel fraction and the hardness of the PEO hydrogel films also increased,while its degree of swelling, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased dramatically. With the increase of the polymer concentration, the degree of swelling, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the PEO E-30 hydrogel films increased significantly,while their gel fraction and hardness decreased obviously. When the PEO molecular weight increased,the gel fraction,the degree of swelling and the hardness of the PEO hydrogel films increased obviously as well. The experimental results indicated that the PEO E-30 hydrogel film of 20 wt% possessed a better mechanical strength than other PEO hydrogel films,especially at doses of 40～60 kGy.  
        关键词：Poly（ethylene oxide）;Hydrogel;Radiation;Crosslinking;Mechanical strength   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Wu Minghong,Bao Borong,Chen Jie,Xu Yinjuan
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 204-208(1998)
        摘要：We adopt orderly IPN method to prepare core-shell structure aerylate emulsion copolymer latexes P (BA-MMA) /P (EA-AA-NMA) , and investigate the influence of the polymerization initiation, monomer proportion and NMA function radical on the particle core-shell structure and properties. The results showed that the emulsion copolymer latexes P (BA-MMA) / P (EA-AA-NMA) with clear interface and complete homogeneous phase separation can be emerged by radiation polymerization. Correspondingly, the tensile strength, extension ratio,water pressure resistance and stability of the film showed much improvement.  
        关键词：Ethyl acrylate;Butyl aerylate;Interludenet polymer;Core-shell structure   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Chen Xiaodong,Hu Yuanjie,Sun Ruihuan,Wang Jianqi
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 209-212(1998)
        摘要：In this paper, surface modification of PTFE by ethanol plasma was studied by the aid of XPS and contact angle technique. It was found that the surface hydrophilicity of PTFE could be well improved because of the forming of overcoating through plasma polymerization. A good surface dynamics character was also attained that the improved surface hydrophilicity could be maintained for a long period (over 50 days).  
        关键词：Plasma;Surface modification;PTFE;Surface dynamics   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Jin Tao,Dai Huiyin
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 213-217(1998)
        摘要：To measure exposure of low energy X-rays with a free air chamber,the range of X-ray energy is from 2 to 12keV. Based on the X-ray transmission,attenuation and energy transfer in the air, the X-ray exposure at the entrance window of the ionization chamber were calculated. Then both the karma in air and the X-ray flux were derived. The change of the X-ray exposure with increasing the X-ray energy and the measurement of multichromatic (white) X-ray exposures were also discussed,respectively.  
        关键词：Low energy X-ray;Measurement of exposure   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Du Zeji,Tian Hailin,Issay Narumi,Hiroshi Watanabe
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 218-224(1998)
        摘要：Deinococcus radiodurans（Dr） possesses a prominent ability to repair DNA injury induced by various DNA-damaging agents including mitomycin C （MC）,ultraviolet light （UV） and ionizing radiation. A DNA repair mutant Dr KH3111 is a streptomycin resistant （SmR） derivative of KH311 which was generated by treatment with nitrosoguanidine and was sensitive to MC,UV and γ-ray irradiation. DNA damage resistance was restored in KH3111 by transforming with DNA of a cosmid clone pDC144 constructed from genomic DNA of Dr KD8301. The high transformation efficiency of KH3111 with DNAs of pDC144 derivatives indicates that the mutant is proficient in natural transformation competence,suggesting that recombinational repair is not defective in the mutant. Gene affected by a mutation in the mutant was identified and its nucleotide sequence was determined. A complete open reading frame （ORF） which encompassed the KH3111 mutation region was found and tentatively designated orf144b. The deduced amino acid （aa） sequence of orf144b consists of 284 aa and has no significant homology to other known proteins. The exact KH3111 mutation site was identified by sequencing DNA fragments amplified from genomic DNA of the mutant. One nucleotide was altered （G to A） in the sequence of orf144b in the mutant. The KH3111 mutation causes the substitution of Gly for Glu at aa position 149 of Orf144b. It appears that the Gly substituted by this mutation would be one of the important residues to fulfill the function involved in DNA repair in Orf144b. Survival measurements of a revertant KH3112 which was generated by transforming with DNA of a polymerase chain reaction （PCR） product containing a part of the orf144b gene of KD8301 showed that the resistances to MC,UV and γ-ray in the revertant were fully restored at equal level with wild type,indicating that the characteristic sensitive phenotype of KH3111 can be accounted for by the point mutation in the novel gene. Thus,the orf144b gene required for the multiple-DNA-damaging agent resistance of Dr was designated pprA （pleiotropic gene promoting DNA repair）.  
        关键词：radioresistance;DNA repair;gene cloning;Deincoccus radiodurans   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Shi Yan,Guo Zhaohua,Wang Zhiwen,Zhou Yanhong,Luo Chengji
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 225-230(1998)
        摘要：Protective effect of agent WR-2721 on hematopoiesis and prophylaxis for the combined radiation-burn injury were investigated in the present study. It was found that pretreatment with WR-2721 could significantly raised the survival rate and suwival time of mice with the combined radiation-burn injury. Prophylactic use of WR-2721 resulted in an increase of LD50 value from 5.19 Gy of the control to 9.53 Gy of the pretreatment. DRF (dose reduction factor) was 1.84. Prophylactic effect of WR-2721 was gained by the immediate use before irradiation with the dose of 200 mg/kg. Pretreatment of WR-2721 in mice with the combined injury brought about a lesser decrease in peripheral WBC count and an earlier recovery compared with the control. Bone marrow myelocyte and monocyte counts were markedly higher than the control at day 1 and 7 postinjury and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell count was significantly higher than the control at day 7 and 14. Prophylactic effect of WR-2721 on the combined radiation-burn injury was at least partially due to its protective effect on hematopoiesis.  
        关键词：Agent WR-2721;The combined radiation-burn injury;Hemapoiesis   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Zeng Guiying,Xie Xuejun,Tian Furong,Zhou Yuankai
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 231-233(1998)
        摘要：Four kinds of nucleic acid precursor (ATP,GMP,Adenine,Thymine) were injected intramuscularly into mice within 1h after 1050cGy whole-body γ-irradiation. Four days later,the mice were sacrificed and about 2cm long segment of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were dissected respectively for crypt survival assay using the technique of crypt counting per unit area. The results indicated that about 20% increase in crypt survival has been observed at each intestinal segment of mice receiving the nucleic acid precursor injection as compared with that of irradiated control. Meanwhile,the gross appearance of the samll intestine looks comparatively normal as well. From the results obtained both in this paper and in our previously published papers, which have been listed in detail in this paper, we propose that the nucleic acids (DNA,RNA) and its precursors (e.g. ATP, being used currently in clinical practice) can be used as one of the measures in the treatment of intestinal radiation damage induced by a large dose whole-body or abdominal irradiation.  
        关键词：Ionizing radiation;Nucleic acid precursor;Small intestine;Restorative effect   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Li Yu,Zheng Xiulong,Luo Chengji,Cai Jianming,Meng Xiangshun,Wu Wei,Gao Jianguo
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 234-237(1998)
        摘要：It was observed that constant-field gel electrophoresis can detect DNA double breaks (dsb) by irradiation. The dsb degree of mice thymocyte by 0~50 Gy (irradiation and the dsb repair in two hours after 30Gy irradiation was studied,the "DNA ladder" was also found using the method.  
        关键词：Constant-field gel electrophoreses;Irradiation;DNA double strand breaks (dsb)   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Lu Chunlin,Ruan Ming,Liu Shuxun,Liu Jun,Zhang Shuo,Yin Xiangjun
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 238-240(1998)
        摘要：In this study,the cytogenetic cross-adaptive to ionzing radiation and Cadmium were explored,by using embryo cells of mice. The results shwoed that 1,2,4 and 8cGy 60Co γ-rays could reduce the frequenecy of chromosome aberration in embryo cells of mice in vivo caused by subsequent Cd 4mg/kg body weight; By contrast,0.25,0.5,1.0 and 2.0mg/kg Cd could reduce the frequency of chromosome aberration in embryo cells of mice in vivo caused by subsequent 1.5cGy 60Co γ-rays. The time effects of 0.5mg/kg Cd to 1.5Gy 60Co γ-rays on the cross-adaptive response in embryo cells of mice were obsreved. The time interval 0. 5 h, the cross-resistance no significant p>0.05, the time interval 4h,p<0.05,8h,p<0.01, but time interval 12h and 24h, no cross-resistance were obserced,instead of coopration. All these results indicat that the ionizing radiation and cadmium each other could induce cross-adaptive response and have time effect.  
        关键词：Ionizing radiation;Cadmium;Adaptive response;Chromosome aberration   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Zhu Shoupeng,Zhang Lansheng,Fu Qiang
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 241-245(1998)
        摘要：Cell apoptosis in human acute lymphoblastic cell line Molt-4 and macrophage cell line Ana1 was induced by 235U. The cumulative radiation absorption doses of 235U in cultured cells through different periods were estimated. The morphological changes in Molt-4 and Ana-1 cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy. We found that Molt-4 and Ana-1 cells,internally irradiated by 235U,displayed a significant nuclear fragmentation and a marked pyknosis. The microautoradiographic study showed that at first 235U was phagocytized by Molt-4 and Ana-1 cells,and then 235U was homogeneously distributed through the cells. The finding indicated that 235U can significantly increase the DNA fragmentation and apoptotic bodies formation in the immune cells, and this effect could be inhibited by IL-2 and IL-6. So both IL-2 and IL-6 showed radioprotective effect on Molt-4 and Ana-1 cells internally irradiated by 235U.  
        关键词：Enriched uranium 235U;Immune cells;Apoptosis;IL-2;IL-6;Radioprotection   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Wang Shoujing,Sun Shouyi,Yu Zihou
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 246-248(1998)
        摘要：Results showed that the innerbud of garlic was insensitive to the change of dose in the range of 0.08~0.4kGy when irradiation was supplied. The innerbud's growth of the irradiated garlic was limited severely by the date of treatment. Generate tissue of root was more sensitive to irradiation treatment than that of innerbud. After irradiated with dose of 0.25kGy the generate capacity of root tip lost quieckly. The respiration rate of the irradiated garlic increased firstly and decreased finally while that of the control increased steadily during all the process of the experiment. It was indicated that there was a considerable relationship between the inhibition of sprouting and the date of irradiation treatment.  
        关键词：γ-irriadiation;Garlic;Respiration rate   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
      • Zhang Ying,Sun Yimin,Li Xiuyi,Mu Ying,Liu Shuzheng
        Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pages: 249-252(1998)
        摘要：C57BL/6J mice implanted with Lewis lung carcinoma cells in the right thighs were used as an experimental animal model and whole body irradiation (WBI) with 75mGy X-rays was given at the 10th day after tumor implantation. We detected the cytostasis function of peritoneal Mϕ of the mice (with the method of 3H-TdR incorporation assay) and the levels of TNFα and IL-1β mRNA transcription (with the method of in situ hybridization immunohistochemistry) 18 hours after irradiation. The experiment showed that the cytostasis function of peritoneal Mϕ of irradiated mice was significantly increased compared with that of the sham-irradiated mice (irradiated mice: 79.9±4.2%, sham-irradiated mice: 52.9±8.1%, p<0.01). The levels of TNFα and IL-1β mRNA transcription were quantitatively measured with a scanning densitometry and the data showed that both the TNFα and IL-1β mRNA transcriptional levels of peritoneal Mϕ of irradiated mice were much higher than those of sham-irradiated mice (p<0.01). The results mentioned above suggested that low dose radiation could markedly enhance the Mϕ function in tumor-bearing mice and the enhanced Mϕ function played an important role in the process of immunoenhancement and antitumor immune reaction induced by low dose radiation.  
        关键词：Low dose radiation;Macrophage;Cytostasis;TNFα;IL-1β;mRNA transcription   
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        发布时间：2023-04-18
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